Pathology Flashcards by Cristal Lag

The typical lesions of rheumatic heart disease

aschoff bodies

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The formation of calculi in the gall bladder is called

cholelithiasis

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A foreign particle that becomes lodged in a blood vessel is called a(n):

embolus

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Blockage of a coronary artery is likely to lead to

myocardial infarction

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A malignant neoplasm composed of fatty connective tissue is called

liposarcoma

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The largest part of the brain is the __________________, it is the center of reasoning and personality.

cerebrum

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Fibrosarcoma is

malignant fibrous tissue

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An excessive amount of blood in a body part due to decreased venous drainage is called

passive hyperemia

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Acromegaly is a disease resulting from over activity of which of the following endocrine glands?

pituitary

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A congenital deficiency of pituitary secretion may result in which of these conditions?

pituitary dwarfism

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A benign tumor of epithelial tissue is called a(n)

epithelioma

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I provide structural support for the heart, lung and bone marrow; I protect the brain, the uterus and other internal organs; I provide attachment sites for muscles, I am a reservoir for calcium and phosphorus, I defend against acidosis and I trap dangerous minerals. These are the functions I provide for us. What am I?

bone

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Accumulation of blood in a part due to venous obstruction is called

passive hyperemia

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Shrinkage of muscle following paralysis caused by a CVA is an example of:

pathological atrophy

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Inflammation of the gall bladder is called

cholecytitis

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Dilation of the spermatic vein is known as

varicocele

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Another name for pleural effusion is

hydrothorax

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Immobility and consolidation of a joint due to disease, injury or surgical procedure.

ankylosis

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Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the lining of the cervix of the uterus is

endocervicitis

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What is the cancellous layer of bone

the spongy inner layer

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Pus in the pleural cavity is called

empyema

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Herpes simplex II virus blisters occurring on genitals and/or surrounding areas is called:

genital herpes

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Anthracosis is caused by

coal dust

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A glioma is

tumor of nerve tissue

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Poliomyelitis is caused by a

virus

A disease commonly referred to as the mumps is

epidemic parotitis

A disease associated with the Islets of Langerhans of the pancreas marked by an insufficient production of insulin is

diabetes mellitus

Adenocarcinoma is

malignant glandular epithelium tissue

These types of bones are found in areas such as the vertebrae and certain bones of the skull and pelvis. They can vary in size and shape.

irregular

Inflammation of the lining of the abdomen is called

peritonitis

Inflammation of the mouth is called

stomatitis

This condition manifests as hypothyroidism in adult like and can affect women over 40 more than men and caused by the failure of the pituitary gland to correctly signal the thyroid gland to do its job.

myxedema

This condition affects a part of the body that acts as insulation and protection for the spinal cord. It is usually transmitted when bodily wastes from a person who has the disease contaminate food or water, caused by a virus

poliomyelitis

A collection of urine in the kidney pelvis is known as

hydronephrosis

Any structural change that occurs in a disease is a lesion

lesion

Inflammation of the structure that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder is called

ureteritis

Graves disease is caused by

hyoerthyroidism

The expulsion of blood of a gastric origin from the mouth is

hematemesis

The term, ”exciting cause of a disease" means the same as ___.

the actual cause of the disease

This is a common viral infection, similar to a cold sore or a fever blister, which contains the Herpes Simplex virus. Most "above the waist" cold sores are considered "oral" and transmitted by the __________________ virus.

herpes simplex 1

A condition that is hematopoietic disorder is

leukemia

The name for the chronic end-stage liver disease where in functional cells of the liver are replaced by a lower form of cells is

cirrhosis

Which of the following diseases would be characterized by glycosuria

diabetes mellitus

Acute diffuse inflammation of subcutaneous connective tissue describes

phlegmon

The increase in the size of the cells of an organ is called:

hypertrophy

Inflammation of the membranes that surround the brain is called

meningitis

The thickening, hardening and loss of elasticity of the walls of the arteries is called

arteriosclerosis

A myoma is

benign tumor of uterine tissue

A twisting segment of intestine is known as

volvulus

A disease characterized by obesity and muscular weakness associated with abnormal function of the adrenal gland is

cushing syndrome

A marked increase in the number of red blood cells is a condition referred to as

erythrocytosis

This condition is a dermotropic condition, really a progressive form of cutaneous tuberculosis

lupus vulgaris

A disorder of the pituitary gland characterized by intense thirst and the excretion of large amounts of urine is:

diabetes insipidus

Arteriosclerosis involving arteries of the brain may be expected to lead to ___

cerebrovascular accident

Various pathological processes indicating a disturbance in cell metabolism are called:

regressive tissue changes

A toxic condition associated with renal insufficiency is

uremia

Of the following neoplasms, the one that is malignant and composed of blood vessel is called

hemangiosarcoma

A chronic condition of the lungs caused by the inhalation of dust particles is known as

pneumoconiosis

A childhood disease characterized by faulty ossification of bone is

rickets

Coryza is a condition affecting the ____________ system.

respiratory

An abnormal channel connecting two surfaces is called a(an)

fistula

Failure to deliver oxygenated blood to the body tissue is a problem primarily affecting the

heart

Inflammation of the testis is

orchitis

Inflammation of the nasal mucousa is called pharyngitis

rhinitis

Atrophy of the thyroid gland in adults may result in:

myxedema

A form of neurosyphilis characterized by degeneration of the posterior columns of the spinal cord is known as

tabes dorsalis

cholelithiasis

presence/formation of gallstones (choleliths)

cholangitis

inflamm of peritoneum

what is coryza

common cold; caused by rhinovirus

pleurisy

inflamm of pleural membranes of lungs

another word for pye

pus

over distention of pulmonary air sacs with air

emphysema

collapse of lung tissue

atelectasis

formation of cavities in an organ/tissue

cavitation

nephroLITHIASIS

kidney stones

puria

pus in urine

oliguria

diminished amount of urine formation

dysuria

painful/difficult urination

inflamm of pia mater and arachnoid mater

menigitis

inflamm of gray matter/ spinal cord

poliomyelitis/ myelitis

chronic, progressive demyelinating disease of the central nervous system

multiple sclerosis

degenerative disease of the basal ganglia

parkinsons

brain shrinks; premature senility

alzheimers

muscular disorder caused by brain damage at/near time of birth; becomes apparent before age three

cerebral palsy

brief/critical periods of reduced blood flow in cerebral artery

TIA; transient ischemic attack

complex tumor whose substance represents several different tissues

teratoma

inflammation of the testes

orchitits

condition in which the decent of a testis is arrested at some path in its normal path into the scrotum

crytorchism

how many bones in the human body

206

how many bones in the axial skeleton

how many bones in the appendicular skeleton

126

a disease marked by softening of the bones due to faulty calcification in adulthood

osteomalacia/rickets

an abnormal lateral curvature from the normal vertical line of the spine, usually in the thoracic region

scolios

hunchback, exaggeration of the thoracic curve of the vertebral columns

kyphosis

swayback; exaggeration of the lumbar anterior curve of the veterbral column

lordosis

defective cartilage formation results in improper bone development achondroplastic dwarfism

achondroplasia

irregular thickening/softening of the bone

paget's disease (osteitis deformans)

the only gland that is both endocrine and exocrine

pancreas

disease caused by hyposecretion of insulin

diabetes mellitus

hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone or nonfunctional ADH receptors; profuse urination

diabetes insipidus

the gland the controls metabolism and produces thyroxine

thyroid gland

a congenital condition due to hypothyroidism resulting in mental retardation and a dwarfed stature

cretinism

exophthalmic goiter; protrusion of the eyeballs, increased heart action, enlargements of the thyroid gland, weight loss, nervousness. hyperthyroidism

grave's disease

resulting from deficiency in the secreation of adrencortical hormones

addisons diesease

causes hyperglycemia

cushings disease

acute adrenal insufficency due to hemorrhage into the adrenal gland caused by meningococcal infection

waterhouse- friderichsen syndrome

solid tumor of the lymphoreticular system

Hodgkin lymphoma

Cardiac insuffiency might be the result of which of the following?

rheumatic fever

Enlargement of the heart to offset a valvular defect is

pathological hypertrophy

A disease characterized by a collapsed or airless condition of the lungs in known as

atelectasis

Which of the following is NOT applicable to viruses?

they are autotrophic organisms