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Sciences > Micro > Flashcards

Micro Flashcards

1
Q

a procaryotic one celled microorganism of the Kingdom Monera; no nucleus and has a cell wall

A

bacteria

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2
Q

bacteria of the Mycoplasma genus that are found in humans and most have no cell wall; the smallest free-living organisms presently known

A

mycoplasmas

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3
Q

a gram-negative, pathogenic, intercellular parasitic bacteria

A

rickettsia

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4
Q

a large group of nonmotile, gram negative intracellular parasistes

A

chlamydia

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5
Q

an intracellular parasite; not a free-living organism; smallest organism

A

viruses

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6
Q

one celled organism of Kingdom protista; true nucleus; free living

A

protozoa

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7
Q

lackes chlorophyll, reproduces by forming spores

A

fungi

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8
Q

a small proteinaceous infectious particles

A

prion

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9
Q

classification

A

Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus

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10
Q

spherical bacteria shape

A

coccus

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11
Q

any rod shaped microorganism

A

bacillus

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12
Q

spiral bacteria

A

spirillum

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13
Q

comma shaped bacteria

A

vibrio

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14
Q

corkscrew shaped bacteria

A

spirillum

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15
Q

ribbon shaped mircooganism

A

spirochete

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16
Q

gram-postivive sphere shaped organisms occurring in pairs

A

diplococci

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17
Q

a cluster of gram postive, nonmotile sphere shaped bacteria

A

staphylococci

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18
Q

a chain formation of sphere shaped bacteria

A

streptocci

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19
Q

double bacillus linked end to end

A

diplobacilii

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20
Q

gram-negative rod shaped bacteria in a chain form

A

streptobacilli

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21
Q

long tail used for locomotion

A

flagella

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22
Q

short whisker like projections used as means of attachment

A

pili

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23
Q

self nourishing bacteria that are capable of growing in the absence of organic compounds

A

autotrophic

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24
Q

an organism that requires complex organic food from a carbon source; requires a complex/ organic food source

A

heterotrophic

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25
Q

an organism that eats dead organic matter; can survive on dead/decaying matter

A

strict (obligate) saprophytes

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26
Q

eats living organic matter; parasite that is completely dependent on its living house for survival

A

strict (obligate) parasites

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27
Q

having the ability to live or adapt to certain conditions

A

facultative bacteria

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28
Q

a microbe that can only live in the presence of oxygen; must have free oxygen

A

strict (obligate) aerobes

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29
Q

micro that requires an area without oxygen present; absence of free oxygen

A

strict (obligate) anaerobes

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30
Q

a microorganism that requires little free oxygen

A

microaerophilic

31
Q

bacteria that prefer cold; temps between 32-77 F

A

psychrophiles

32
Q

bacteria that prefer moderate temps; 77-104 F

A

mesophiles

33
Q

bacteria that prefer high temps; 104-158

A

Thermophiles

34
Q

the F that proteins usually coagulate

A

104 F

35
Q

the normal pH of blood

A

7.35 - 7.45

36
Q

pressure that develops when two solutions of different concentrations are separated by a semipermeable membrane

A

osmotic pressure

37
Q

when RBC swells and burts

A

hemolysis

38
Q

when RBC shrivels/shrinks

A

crenation

39
Q

bacterial cell swells and burts

A

plasmoptysis

40
Q

bacterial cell shrivels/shrinks

A

plasmolysis

41
Q

what is “formaldehyde gray” caused by

A

by crenation in a hypertonic solution

42
Q

the living together in close association of different species

A

symbiosis

43
Q

a relationship in which organisms of two different species live in close association to the mutual benefit of each other

A

mutualism

44
Q

a symbiotic relationship of two organisms of different species in which one benefits and the other is not harmed

A

commensalism

45
Q

relationship in which one is harmed and the other benefits

A

parasitism

46
Q

the harmonious action of two microorganisms producing an effect that neither could produce alone

A

synergism

47
Q

mutual opposition/contrary action; the inhibition of one bacterial by another

A

antagonism

48
Q

the process of completely removing or destroying all life forms, or their products

A

sterilization

49
Q

the destruction of infectious agents by chemical/physical means directly applied to an inanimate object; only kills pathogenic organisms

A

disinfection

50
Q

the prevention of sepsis by preventing/inhibiting the growth of causative microorganism

A

antisepsis

51
Q

another term for bleach

A

sodium hypochloride

52
Q

destroys microorganisms; not effective against bacterial spores

A

germicide

53
Q

destroys bacteria but not their spores

A

bactericide

54
Q

kills fungi and their spores

A

fungicide

55
Q

destructive to viruses

A

viricide

56
Q

the condition on which the body is invaded by pathogenic agent that under favorable conditions multiplies and produces injurious effects

A

infection

57
Q

the act of introducing disease germs/infectious material into an area or substance

A

contaimination

58
Q

a real or genuine disease producing organism

A

true pathogen

59
Q

an organism that exists as part of the normal flora by may become pathogenic under certain conditions

A

opportunists

60
Q

the state of producing pathological changes and disease

A

pathogenicity

61
Q

relative power and degree of pathogenicity possessed by organisms

A

virulence

62
Q

dilution or weakening of virulence of a micrcoorganism

A

attenuation

63
Q

bacteria resistant to the action of a drug

A

drug-fast

64
Q

originating outside an organ/part

A

exogenous

65
Q

arising from within a cell/organism

A

endogenous

66
Q

disease that occurs continuously in a particular region but has low mortality

A

endemic

67
Q

infectious disease that affects many people at the same time in the same geographical area

A

epidemic

68
Q

a disease affecting the majority of the population of a large region or is epidemic at the same time in may different parts of the world

A

pandemic

69
Q

a disease which occurs occasionally

A

sporadic

70
Q

infection caused by germs lodging and multiplying at one point in a tissue and remaining there

A

local infection

71
Q

an infection that become systemic

A

general infection

72
Q

starts local the spreads to systemic

A

focal infection

73
Q

multiplication of bacteria in blood

A

septicemia

74
Q
A

Sciences (8 decks)

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