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Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

(auxillary) this term is applied to a lesser structure that resembles a similar organ in structure and function, such as the accessory pancreatic duct

A

accessory

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2
Q

a protein found in blood plasma

A

albumin

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3
Q

the digestive system tube from the mouth to the anus, including the mouth or buccal cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines

A

alimentary canal

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4
Q

the branch of science dealing with the study of the structure of the body

A

anatomy

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5
Q

connection between vessels; union of two vessels going to the same body part

A

anastomoses

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6
Q

begore or in front of; refers to the front side of the body or structure

A

anterior ( ventral)

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7
Q

the 126 bones that make up the pectoral girdle, upper extremities, pelvic girdle, and lower extremities

A

appendicular skeleton

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8
Q

the connection between two or more bones; a joint

A

articulation

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9
Q

the 80 bones composing the skull, vertebrae, thorax and hyoid bone; the central structure to which the appendicular skeleton is attached

A

axial skeleton

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10
Q

refers to the symmetry of paired organs, or to an organism whose right and left halves are similar images of each other

A

bilateral symmetry

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11
Q

pertaining to bile

A

biliary

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12
Q

the organs (liver and gall bladder) and ducts that participate in the secretion, storage, and delivery of bile to the duodenum

A

biliary tract

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13
Q

a membranous sac or receptacle for a secretion or excretion

A

bladder

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14
Q

relating to the cheek or mouth

A

buccal

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15
Q

the study of the heart

A

cardiology

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16
Q

the canal or passageway in the temporal bone through which the internal carotid artery passes

A

carotid canal

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17
Q

situated at or pertaining to a center or central point

A

central

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18
Q

the part of the large intestine beginning with the ascending colon and ending with the sigmoid colon

A

colon

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19
Q

ridges in the walls of the nasal cavity

A

conchae

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20
Q

a curved protuberance at the end of a bone forming part of an articulation

A

condlye

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21
Q

the outer layer of an organ as distinguished from the inner medulla as in the adrenal gland,kidney, or cerbrum

A

cortex

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22
Q

a normal of abnormal bending away; an arc

A

curvature

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23
Q

of or pertaining to a sac like structure

A

cystic

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24
Q

below the surface, or toward the central part of a structure

A

deep

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25
Q

reduction of the harmful properties of a poisonous substance

A

detoxification

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26
Q

farther away from the point of attachment or from the trunk; opposite of

A

distal

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27
Q

posterior; toward the back

A

dorsal

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28
Q

a prominence or projection

A

eminence

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29
Q

pertaining to a ductless gland that secretes directly into the bloodstream

A

endocrine

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30
Q

pertaining to a a gland that delivers its secretion through a duct

A

exocrine

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31
Q

pertaining to the exterior; opposite of internal

A

external

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32
Q

the lateral, outer opening of the ear or auditory canal

A

external auditory meatus

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33
Q

a temporarily unossified area on the surface of the cranium of an infant

A

fontanel

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34
Q

a shallow depression

A

fossa

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35
Q

a secretory organ or structure that can manufacture a secretion

A

gland

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36
Q

a gland that has both endocrine and exocrine functions, such as the pancreas

A

heterocrine

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37
Q

the study of tissues

A

histology

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38
Q

beneath; lower; the opposite of superior

A

inferior

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39
Q

relating to the outer surface of a structure

A

integumentary

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40
Q

within the body; within or on the inside

A

internal

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41
Q

clusters of cells in the pancreas which produce insulin

A

islets of langerhans (pancreatic islets)

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42
Q

the connection between two bones; an articulation

A

joint

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43
Q

pertaining to the side of the body; away from the median plane

A

lateral

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44
Q

well defined parts of an organ separated by boundaries

A

lobes

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45
Q

the depression in the temporal bone into which the condyle of the mandible fits

A

mandibular fossa

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46
Q

a passage or opening through a bone

A

meatus

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47
Q

pertaining to the middle; toward teh median plane of the body

A

medial

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48
Q

the inner or central portion of an organ in contrast to the outer portion or cortex

A

medulla

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49
Q

the study of muscles

A

myology

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50
Q

openings of the nose, as in the nostrils

A

nares

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51
Q

the partition that divides the nasal cavities

A

nasal septum

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52
Q

the study of the nervous system

A

neurology

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53
Q

pertaining to the mouth

A

oral

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54
Q

the entrance or outlet of any anatomical structure; an opening

A

orifice

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55
Q

any small bone; the three bones of the middle ear

A

ossicles

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56
Q

pertaining to or forming, the wall of a cavity

A

parietal

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57
Q

pertaining to the front of the chest

A

pectoral

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58
Q

located at, or pertaining to, the outer surface of the body or body part; located away from the center

A

peripheral

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59
Q

at right angles to another surface

A

perpendicualr

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60
Q

a number signifying the acidity or alkalinity of a solution

A

pH (potential of hydrogen)

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61
Q

an entrance to an organ

A

portal

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62
Q

behind or in the back of; refers to the backs side of the body or structure; opposite of anterior

A

posterior (dorsal)

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63
Q

an anatomic landmark that appears as a blunt projection, like a knob

A

protuberance

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64
Q

nearest to the point of attachment of a limn to the trunk of the body, opposite of distal

A

proximal

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65
Q

the slightly moveable junction of the anterior portion of the coxae

A

pubic symphysis

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66
Q

pertaining to or related to reproduction

A

reproductive

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67
Q

referring to the organ system that carries out gas exchange

A

respiratory

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68
Q

pertaining to or the formation of saliva

A

salivary

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69
Q

one of the three pair of glands that secretes saliva into the mouth

A

salivary gland

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70
Q

a wall dividing two cavities

A

septum

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71
Q

blood plasma, excluding the clotting factors; the water, amber-colored portion of the blood after coagulation occurs

A

serum

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72
Q

none shaped like a sesame seed; a bone embedded in a tendon

A

sesamoid bone

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73
Q

a paranasal cavity within a bone; a dilated channel for venous blood, as in coronary sinus and dural sinus

A

sinus

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74
Q

pertaining to the bones of the body

A

skeletal

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75
Q

a circular muscle constricting an orifice

A

sphincter

76
Q

pertaining to or situated near the surface of the body or body part

A

superficial

77
Q

toward the top of the head; opposite of inferior

A

superior

78
Q

located on the superior portion of the kidny

A

suprarenal (adrenal)

79
Q

relating to the line of union in an immovable articulation, such as between teh cranial bones

A

sutural

80
Q

a joint in which the bones are connected by fibrocartilage

A

symphysis

81
Q

a group of organs arranged for the performance of a specific function

A

system

82
Q

a covering or layer

A

tunic

83
Q

pertaining to the secretion or storage of urine

A

urinary

84
Q

composed of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra; function is to filter wastes from the blood stream

A

urinary system

85
Q

any one of various membranous structures in a hollow organ or passage that temporarily closes to permit the flow of fluid in one direction only

A

valve

86
Q

pertaining to or composed of vessels

A

vascular

87
Q

the blood vessels including, arteries, capillaries, and veins, and lymphatics

A

vascular system

88
Q

located toward the front to the body; anterior

A

ventral

89
Q

a narrow, worm- shaped tube connected to the cecum

A

vermiform appendix

90
Q

pertaining to the internal organs contained within a cavity

A

visceral

91
Q

resistance to flow of a liquid, as in the blood

A

viscosity

92
Q

pertaining to the cheek bone

A

zygomatic

93
Q

study of structural changes associated with disease

A

pathological (abnormal anatomy)

94
Q

study of functions of the body parts and how they work

A

physiological

95
Q

nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk, nearer to the point of origin

A

proximal

96
Q

further from the attachment of a limb to the trunk; farther from the point of origin

A

distal

97
Q

pertaining to/forming the outer wall of a body cavity

A

parietal

98
Q

pertaining to the organs, or to the covering of an organ

A

visceral

99
Q

located on the same side of the body

A

ipsilateral

100
Q

located on the opposite sides of the body

A

contralateral

101
Q

a subdivison of the dorsal body cavity formed by the cranial bones and containing the brain

A

cranial cavity

102
Q

formed by the vertebrae of the backbone and contains the spinal cord and the beginnings (roots) of the spinal nerves

A

spinal canal

103
Q

superior portion of the ventral body cavity that contains two pleural cavities, the mediastinum, and the pericardial cavity

A

thoracic cavity

104
Q

the serous membrane that covers the lungs and lines the walls of the chest and the diaphragm

A

pleura

105
Q

the basic structural and functional unit of all organism; the smallest structure capable of performing all the activities vital to life

A

cells

106
Q

the tissue that forms glands or the superficial part of skin, lines hollow organs and passages that lead externally from body

A

epithelial tissue

107
Q

the most abundant of the basic tissues; performs the functions of binding and supporting

A

connective tissue

108
Q

a tissue specialized to produce motion in response to muscle action potentials by its qualities of contractility, extensibility, elasticity, and excitability

A

muscular tissue

109
Q

tissue that initiates and transmits verve impulses to coordinate homestais

A

nervous

110
Q

boundaries of the femoral triangle

A

base: inguinal ligament
lateral:sartoris muscle
medial: adductor longus

111
Q

how many bones in the cranium

A

8

112
Q

the 8 cranium bones

A

frontal,
parietal, (2)
temporal, (2)
occipital,
sphenoid,
ethmoid

113
Q

the upper rim of the eye socket

A

supraorbital margin

114
Q

the small eminence above the medial end of the eyebrow

A

superciliary arch

115
Q

the smooth prominence between the eyebrows

A

glabella

116
Q

two rounded prominences on the frontal bone

A

frontal eminences

117
Q

gives voice resonance; lie deep to frontal squama

A

frontal sinuses

118
Q

form the greater portion of the sides and roof of the cranial cavity

A

parietal

119
Q

forms the posterior part and most of the base of the cranium

A

occipital

120
Q

oval processes with convex surfaces, on each side of the foramen magnum

A

occipital condyles

121
Q

the medulla oblongata connects with the spinal cord through this foramen

A

foramen magnum

122
Q

prominent projection of the posterior surface of the bone just superior to the foramen magnum

A

external occiptial protuberance

123
Q

form inferior lateral aspects of the cranium and part of the cranial floot

A

temporal

124
Q

articulates with the mandible

A

mandibular fossa

125
Q

serves as a point of attachment for the sternoclediomastoid muscle

A

mastoid process

126
Q

lies at the middle part of the base of the skull

A

sphenoid

127
Q

a depression on the superior surface of the body of the sphenoid, cradles the pituitary gland

A

sella turcica

128
Q

a light, sponge-like bone located on the midline in the anterior part of the cranial floor medial to the orbits; anterior to the sphenoid and posterior to the nasal bone

A

ethmoid

129
Q

lies in the anterior floor of the cranium and forms the roof of the nasal cavity

A

cribiform plate

130
Q

serves as point of attachment for membranes (meninges) that cover the brain

A

crista galli

131
Q

forms the superior portion of the nasal septum

A

perpendicular plate

132
Q

is also called the skullcap

A

calvaria

133
Q

how many bones in the face

A

14

134
Q

the bones of the face

A

nasal (2)
lacrimal (zygomatic)
maxilla (2)
palatine (2)
inferior nasal concha (2)
mandible
vomer

135
Q

the two small bones forming the arch of the nose

A

nasal

136
Q

bones at inner side of the orbital cavity

A

lacrimal

137
Q

bones at inner side of the orbital cavity

A

lacrimal

138
Q

bone on either side of the face

A

zygomatic

139
Q

a paired bone with several processes that unite to form the upper jawbone

A

maxilla

140
Q

horizontal projection of the maxilla that forms the anterior three-quarters of the hard palate

A

palatine process

141
Q

arch that contains alveoli for the upper teeth

A

alveolar process

142
Q

L-shaped bones that form the posterior portion of the hard palate

A

palatine

143
Q

triangular bone that forms inferior, posterior part of the nasal septum

A

vomer

144
Q

scroll-like bones that form a part of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and project into the nasal cavity inferior to the superior and middle nasal conchae of the ethmoid bone

A

inferior nasal concha

145
Q

largest, strongest facial bone; lower jawbone

A

mandible

146
Q

prominent triangular eminence on the chin

A

mental protuberance

147
Q

area where each ramus meets the body

A

angle

148
Q

perpendicular portions of the mandible

A

ramus

149
Q

supports the tongue and provides attachment for some muscles of the neck and pharynx; does not articulate with any other bone

A

hyoid

150
Q

the vertebral column

A

cervical 7
thoracic 12
lumbar 5
sacrum 1
coccyx 1

151
Q

cervical atlas

A

C1

152
Q

the throat

A

pharynx

153
Q

superior portion of the pharynx, extends to the plane of the soft palate

A

nasopharynx

154
Q

intermediate portion of the pharynx, lies posterior to the oral cavity and extends from the soft palate inferiority to the level of the hyoid bone

A

oropharynx

155
Q

inferior portion of the pharynx, begins at the level of the hyoid bone and connects the esophagus with the larynx

A

laryngopharynx

156
Q

the voice box

A

larynx

157
Q

covers the glottis during swallowing, closing it off

A

epiglottis

158
Q

voice production

A

glottis

159
Q

the windpipe; passage for air from buccal cavity to the right and left primary bronchi

A

trachea

160
Q

passageway for air from trachea to lungs

A

bronchi

161
Q

paired cone-shaped organs lying in the thoracic cavity; exchange of respiratory gases between lungs and blood

A

lungs

162
Q

layers of the heart wall

A

innermost: endocardium
middle:myocardium
outermost:epicardium

163
Q

layer of the heart that is responsible for the pumping action

A

myocardium

164
Q

a triple layered sac that surround and protects the heart

A

pericardium

165
Q

remnant of embryonic foramen ovale in right cardiac atrium

A

fossa ovalis cordis

166
Q

located on the inner surface of the ventricles; holds valves closed

A

papillary muscle

167
Q

tendon-like cords that connect the under surfaces of valves to the papillary muscles

A

chordae tendinae

168
Q

layers of arteries

A

tunica intima
tunica media
tunica adventitia

169
Q

the union of the branches of two/more arteries supplying the same body region

A

anatomosis

170
Q

the alternate route of blood flow to a body part through an anastomosis

A

collateral circulation

171
Q

what and how many vessels form the circle of Willis

A

9
internal carotid (2)
anterior cerebral (2)
posterior communicating (2)
posterior cerebral (2)
anterior comminicating

172
Q

supplies the stomach, liver, and spleen

A

celiac artery

173
Q

supplies the stomach

A

left gastric artery

174
Q

supplies the spleen

A

spleen

175
Q

supplies the liver

A

common hepatic artery

176
Q

supplies all of the small intestine except the superior portion of the duodenum

A

superior mesenteric artery

177
Q

supplies all of the colon and rectum except the right half of the transverse colon

A

inferior mesenteric artery

178
Q

supplies the adrenal glands

A

middle suprarenal arteries

179
Q

supplies the kidneys and ureters

A

renal arteries

180
Q

supply the diaphragm and esophagus

A

inferior phrenic arteries

181
Q

supply lumbar and psoas muscles and part of the abdominal wall

A

lumbar arteries

182
Q

supply uterus, prostate gland, and muscles of buttocks and urinary bladder

A

internal iliac arteries

183
Q

deoxygenated blood returns to the right atrium from what three veins?

A

coronary sinus, superior vena cava and inferior vena cava

184
Q

largest lymph node in the body

A

cistema chyli

185
Q

receives lymph from the left side of the head, neck, chest, left upper limb and entire body inferior to the ribs

A

thoracic duct

186
Q

drains lymph from upper right side of the body

A

right lymphatic duct

187
Q
A

Sciences (8 decks)

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