Anatomy Flashcards
1
Q
(auxillary) this term is applied to a lesser structure that resembles a similar organ in structure and function, such as the accessory pancreatic duct
A
accessory
2
Q
a protein found in blood plasma
A
albumin
3
Q
the digestive system tube from the mouth to the anus, including the mouth or buccal cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines
A
alimentary canal
4
Q
the branch of science dealing with the study of the structure of the body
A
anatomy
5
Q
connection between vessels; union of two vessels going to the same body part
A
anastomoses
6
Q
begore or in front of; refers to the front side of the body or structure
A
anterior ( ventral)
7
Q
the 126 bones that make up the pectoral girdle, upper extremities, pelvic girdle, and lower extremities
A
appendicular skeleton
8
Q
the connection between two or more bones; a joint
A
articulation
9
Q
the 80 bones composing the skull, vertebrae, thorax and hyoid bone; the central structure to which the appendicular skeleton is attached
A
axial skeleton
10
Q
refers to the symmetry of paired organs, or to an organism whose right and left halves are similar images of each other
A
bilateral symmetry
11
Q
pertaining to bile
A
biliary
12
Q
the organs (liver and gall bladder) and ducts that participate in the secretion, storage, and delivery of bile to the duodenum
A
biliary tract
13
Q
a membranous sac or receptacle for a secretion or excretion
A
bladder
14
Q
relating to the cheek or mouth
A
buccal
15
Q
the study of the heart
A
cardiology
16
Q
the canal or passageway in the temporal bone through which the internal carotid artery passes
A
carotid canal
17
Q
situated at or pertaining to a center or central point
A
central
18
Q
the part of the large intestine beginning with the ascending colon and ending with the sigmoid colon
A
colon
19
Q
ridges in the walls of the nasal cavity
A
conchae
20
Q
a curved protuberance at the end of a bone forming part of an articulation
A
condlye
21
Q
the outer layer of an organ as distinguished from the inner medulla as in the adrenal gland,kidney, or cerbrum
A
cortex
22
Q
a normal of abnormal bending away; an arc
A
curvature
23
Q
of or pertaining to a sac like structure
A
cystic
24
Q
below the surface, or toward the central part of a structure
A
deep
25
reduction of the harmful properties of a poisonous substance
detoxification
26
farther away from the point of attachment or from the trunk; opposite of
distal
27
posterior; toward the back
dorsal
28
a prominence or projection
eminence
29
pertaining to a ductless gland that secretes directly into the bloodstream
endocrine
30
pertaining to a a gland that delivers its secretion through a duct
exocrine
31
pertaining to the exterior; opposite of internal
external
32
the lateral, outer opening of the ear or auditory canal
external auditory meatus
33
a temporarily unossified area on the surface of the cranium of an infant
fontanel
34
a shallow depression
fossa
35
a secretory organ or structure that can manufacture a secretion
gland
36
a gland that has both endocrine and exocrine functions, such as the pancreas
heterocrine
37
the study of tissues
histology
38
beneath; lower; the opposite of superior
inferior
39
relating to the outer surface of a structure
integumentary
40
within the body; within or on the inside
internal
41
clusters of cells in the pancreas which produce insulin
islets of langerhans (pancreatic islets)
42
the connection between two bones; an articulation
joint
43
pertaining to the side of the body; away from the median plane
lateral
44
well defined parts of an organ separated by boundaries
lobes
45
the depression in the temporal bone into which the condyle of the mandible fits
mandibular fossa
46
a passage or opening through a bone
meatus
47
pertaining to the middle; toward teh median plane of the body
medial
48
the inner or central portion of an organ in contrast to the outer portion or cortex
medulla
49
the study of muscles
myology
50
openings of the nose, as in the nostrils
nares
51
the partition that divides the nasal cavities
nasal septum
52
the study of the nervous system
neurology
53
pertaining to the mouth
oral
54
the entrance or outlet of any anatomical structure; an opening
orifice
55
any small bone; the three bones of the middle ear
ossicles
56
pertaining to or forming, the wall of a cavity
parietal
57
pertaining to the front of the chest
pectoral
58
located at, or pertaining to, the outer surface of the body or body part; located away from the center
peripheral
59
at right angles to another surface
perpendicualr
60
a number signifying the acidity or alkalinity of a solution
pH (potential of hydrogen)
61
an entrance to an organ
portal
62
behind or in the back of; refers to the backs side of the body or structure; opposite of anterior
posterior (dorsal)
63
an anatomic landmark that appears as a blunt projection, like a knob
protuberance
64
nearest to the point of attachment of a limn to the trunk of the body, opposite of distal
proximal
65
the slightly moveable junction of the anterior portion of the coxae
pubic symphysis
66
pertaining to or related to reproduction
reproductive
67
referring to the organ system that carries out gas exchange
respiratory
68
pertaining to or the formation of saliva
salivary
69
one of the three pair of glands that secretes saliva into the mouth
salivary gland
70
a wall dividing two cavities
septum
71
blood plasma, excluding the clotting factors; the water, amber-colored portion of the blood after coagulation occurs
serum
72
none shaped like a sesame seed; a bone embedded in a tendon
sesamoid bone
73
a paranasal cavity within a bone; a dilated channel for venous blood, as in coronary sinus and dural sinus
sinus
74
pertaining to the bones of the body
skeletal
75
a circular muscle constricting an orifice
sphincter
76
pertaining to or situated near the surface of the body or body part
superficial
77
toward the top of the head; opposite of inferior
superior
78
located on the superior portion of the kidny
suprarenal (adrenal)
79
relating to the line of union in an immovable articulation, such as between teh cranial bones
sutural
80
a joint in which the bones are connected by fibrocartilage
symphysis
81
a group of organs arranged for the performance of a specific function
system
82
a covering or layer
tunic
83
pertaining to the secretion or storage of urine
urinary
84
composed of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra; function is to filter wastes from the blood stream
urinary system
85
any one of various membranous structures in a hollow organ or passage that temporarily closes to permit the flow of fluid in one direction only
valve
86
pertaining to or composed of vessels
vascular
87
the blood vessels including, arteries, capillaries, and veins, and lymphatics
vascular system
88
located toward the front to the body; anterior
ventral
89
a narrow, worm- shaped tube connected to the cecum
vermiform appendix
90
pertaining to the internal organs contained within a cavity
visceral
91
resistance to flow of a liquid, as in the blood
viscosity
92
pertaining to the cheek bone
zygomatic
93
study of structural changes associated with disease
pathological (abnormal anatomy)
94
study of functions of the body parts and how they work
physiological
95
nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk, nearer to the point of origin
proximal
96
further from the attachment of a limb to the trunk; farther from the point of origin
distal
97
pertaining to/forming the outer wall of a body cavity
parietal
98
pertaining to the organs, or to the covering of an organ
visceral
99
located on the same side of the body
ipsilateral
100
located on the opposite sides of the body
contralateral
101
a subdivison of the dorsal body cavity formed by the cranial bones and containing the brain
cranial cavity
102
formed by the vertebrae of the backbone and contains the spinal cord and the beginnings (roots) of the spinal nerves
spinal canal
103
superior portion of the ventral body cavity that contains two pleural cavities, the mediastinum, and the pericardial cavity
thoracic cavity
104
the serous membrane that covers the lungs and lines the walls of the chest and the diaphragm
pleura
105
the basic structural and functional unit of all organism; the smallest structure capable of performing all the activities vital to life
cells
106
the tissue that forms glands or the superficial part of skin, lines hollow organs and passages that lead externally from body
epithelial tissue
107
the most abundant of the basic tissues; performs the functions of binding and supporting
connective tissue
108
a tissue specialized to produce motion in response to muscle action potentials by its qualities of contractility, extensibility, elasticity, and excitability
muscular tissue
109
tissue that initiates and transmits verve impulses to coordinate homestais
nervous
110
boundaries of the femoral triangle
base: inguinal ligament
lateral:sartoris muscle
medial: adductor longus
111
how many bones in the cranium
8
112
the 8 cranium bones
frontal,
parietal, (2)
temporal, (2)
occipital,
sphenoid,
ethmoid
113
the upper rim of the eye socket
supraorbital margin
114
the small eminence above the medial end of the eyebrow
superciliary arch
115
the smooth prominence between the eyebrows
glabella
116
two rounded prominences on the frontal bone
frontal eminences
117
gives voice resonance; lie deep to frontal squama
frontal sinuses
118
form the greater portion of the sides and roof of the cranial cavity
parietal
119
forms the posterior part and most of the base of the cranium
occipital
120
oval processes with convex surfaces, on each side of the foramen magnum
occipital condyles
121
the medulla oblongata connects with the spinal cord through this foramen
foramen magnum
122
prominent projection of the posterior surface of the bone just superior to the foramen magnum
external occiptial protuberance
123
form inferior lateral aspects of the cranium and part of the cranial floot
temporal
124
articulates with the mandible
mandibular fossa
125
serves as a point of attachment for the sternoclediomastoid muscle
mastoid process
126
lies at the middle part of the base of the skull
sphenoid
127
a depression on the superior surface of the body of the sphenoid, cradles the pituitary gland
sella turcica
128
a light, sponge-like bone located on the midline in the anterior part of the cranial floor medial to the orbits; anterior to the sphenoid and posterior to the nasal bone
ethmoid
129
lies in the anterior floor of the cranium and forms the roof of the nasal cavity
cribiform plate
130
serves as point of attachment for membranes (meninges) that cover the brain
crista galli
131
forms the superior portion of the nasal septum
perpendicular plate
132
is also called the skullcap
calvaria
133
how many bones in the face
14
134
the bones of the face
nasal (2)
lacrimal (zygomatic)
maxilla (2)
palatine (2)
inferior nasal concha (2)
mandible
vomer
135
the two small bones forming the arch of the nose
nasal
136
bones at inner side of the orbital cavity
lacrimal
137
bones at inner side of the orbital cavity
lacrimal
138
bone on either side of the face
zygomatic
139
a paired bone with several processes that unite to form the upper jawbone
maxilla
140
horizontal projection of the maxilla that forms the anterior three-quarters of the hard palate
palatine process
141
arch that contains alveoli for the upper teeth
alveolar process
142
L-shaped bones that form the posterior portion of the hard palate
palatine
143
triangular bone that forms inferior, posterior part of the nasal septum
vomer
144
scroll-like bones that form a part of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and project into the nasal cavity inferior to the superior and middle nasal conchae of the ethmoid bone
inferior nasal concha
145
largest, strongest facial bone; lower jawbone
mandible
146
prominent triangular eminence on the chin
mental protuberance
147
area where each ramus meets the body
angle
148
perpendicular portions of the mandible
ramus
149
supports the tongue and provides attachment for some muscles of the neck and pharynx; does not articulate with any other bone
hyoid
150
the vertebral column
cervical 7
thoracic 12
lumbar 5
sacrum 1
coccyx 1
151
cervical atlas
C1
152
the throat
pharynx
153
superior portion of the pharynx, extends to the plane of the soft palate
nasopharynx
154
intermediate portion of the pharynx, lies posterior to the oral cavity and extends from the soft palate inferiority to the level of the hyoid bone
oropharynx
155
inferior portion of the pharynx, begins at the level of the hyoid bone and connects the esophagus with the larynx
laryngopharynx
156
the voice box
larynx
157
covers the glottis during swallowing, closing it off
epiglottis
158
voice production
glottis
159
the windpipe; passage for air from buccal cavity to the right and left primary bronchi
trachea
160
passageway for air from trachea to lungs
bronchi
161
paired cone-shaped organs lying in the thoracic cavity; exchange of respiratory gases between lungs and blood
lungs
162
layers of the heart wall
innermost: endocardium
middle:myocardium
outermost:epicardium
163
layer of the heart that is responsible for the pumping action
myocardium
164
a triple layered sac that surround and protects the heart
pericardium
165
remnant of embryonic foramen ovale in right cardiac atrium
fossa ovalis cordis
166
located on the inner surface of the ventricles; holds valves closed
papillary muscle
167
tendon-like cords that connect the under surfaces of valves to the papillary muscles
chordae tendinae
168
layers of arteries
tunica intima
tunica media
tunica adventitia
169
the union of the branches of two/more arteries supplying the same body region
anatomosis
170
the alternate route of blood flow to a body part through an anastomosis
collateral circulation
171
what and how many vessels form the circle of Willis
9
internal carotid (2)
anterior cerebral (2)
posterior communicating (2)
posterior cerebral (2)
anterior comminicating
172
supplies the stomach, liver, and spleen
celiac artery
173
supplies the stomach
left gastric artery
174
supplies the spleen
spleen
175
supplies the liver
common hepatic artery
176
supplies all of the small intestine except the superior portion of the duodenum
superior mesenteric artery
177
supplies all of the colon and rectum except the right half of the transverse colon
inferior mesenteric artery
178
supplies the adrenal glands
middle suprarenal arteries
179
supplies the kidneys and ureters
renal arteries
180
supply the diaphragm and esophagus
inferior phrenic arteries
181
supply lumbar and psoas muscles and part of the abdominal wall
lumbar arteries
182
supply uterus, prostate gland, and muscles of buttocks and urinary bladder
internal iliac arteries
183
deoxygenated blood returns to the right atrium from what three veins?
coronary sinus, superior vena cava and inferior vena cava
184
largest lymph node in the body
cistema chyli
185
receives lymph from the left side of the head, neck, chest, left upper limb and entire body inferior to the ribs
thoracic duct
186
drains lymph from upper right side of the body
right lymphatic duct
187
