Pathology Flashcards
In mesenteric Ischaemia which is most likely to be affected SMA or IMA
SMA
at what age should testes have defended and what do you do if they have not by then?
they should descend by 3 months
if they don’t you do a laparotomy
in what patients do Desmond tumours occur and what cell type do they consist of?
they occur in 15% of those with familial polyposis
they contain fibroblasts
what is the management of an impacted and displaced humeral neck fracture
Impacted - Colar and cuff
Displaced - hemiarthroplasty
which pairs of cranial nerves is most likely to be compressed by a cerebellopontine angle tumour?
Facial and Vestibulocochlear
at what point can fracture callus healing be seen on an x ray
3 weeks
at what age should testes have decended by
3-6 months
post tonsillectomy otalgia is caused by damage to what nerve?
glossopharyngeal
What is the most common site of sarcoma metastasis
Haematogenous spread via the Lung
What triad of symptoms is seen in billary rupture?
RUQ pain
Jaundice
Urticarial rash
What infection causes the urticaria in billlary rupture?
Echinococcus granulosus
What are the characteristic features of Dercums disease
Multiple lipomas
Occupational Caners
What cancer is associated with working in the dye industry?
TCC of the bladder
Occupational Cancers
What cancer is associated with working with wood dust
Sino Nasal Cancer - SCC
Occupational Cancers
What cancer is associated with working with Vinyl Chloride
Angiosarcoma of the liver
Occupational Cancer
What cancer is associated with working with benzes
leukemias and lymphomas
Occupational Cancer
What cancer is associated with working with Nickel?
Nasal Cancer
At what site is most dietary iron absorbed?
duodenum
What USS findings would you get with a liver haemangioma?
- separated from normal liver by ring of fibrous tissue
- hyperechoic lesions
what medication are liver cell adenomas associated with
oral contraceptive pill
what USS featrures would be seen with a liver cell adenoma
- mixed echoity
- heterogenous texture
what is the treatment of an amoebic abscess
metronidazole
infection with which organism is associated with hydatid cysts
Echoinococcus infection
What is the difference between a haramatoma and chondroma
a harmatoma contains fat, smooth muscle, epithelial and stromal elements
a chondroma contains only cartilaginous components
which clotting factors are most affected by temperature?
V and VIII
what is the normal pH of the stomach?
2
What is the most common extracolonic lesion in FAP?
Duodenal Polyps
what type of cancer is associated with Achalysia, smoking and alcohol intake
Squamous cell carcinoma
what type of cancer is most associated with barrats oesophagus?
adenocarcinoma
what conditions are associated with EBV infection?
Burkitt’s lymphoma
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Post transplant lymphoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
which component of the full blood count is first to be affected post splenectomy?
Reticulocytes increase
what type of amino acid is present in al types of collagen?
Glycine
what is the monitoring required for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm?
USS surveillance of AAA:
3cm- 4.4cm - 1 year
4.5-5.4cm- 3 monthly
Schistomsomiasis can cause recurrent attacks of haematuria, but what cancer is it associated with?
SCC of the bladder
What is the most common paratesticular tumour in children?
Rhabdomyosarcoma
What chemical mediators are involved in the process of inflammation/
leukotrienes
histamine
serotinin
prostoglandins
if a patient comes in with abdominal pain and blue lines on the gum margin, what condition are you suspecting?
Lead poisoning
in what subtype of hodgkins lymphoma would popcorn cells be associated with?
Nodular Lymphocytic predominant
staining with which agent is used to identify TB?
Ziehl-Neelsen stain
what pathogen causes hydatid cysts?
Echinococcus granulosus
what symptoms can hydatid cysts cause?
they can rupture in to the abdomen an cause daughter cells and anaphalactic shock
they can rupture in to the biliary system which can cause biliary colic, jaundice and urticaria.
the pathogen Echinococcus granulosus can cause a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction and causes an urticarial rash
