IGNORE - General - Orthopaedics

Question 1

What is the treatment for scaphoid fractures?

• Proximal fractures
• Undisplaced distal fractures
• displaced distal fractures

Answer 1

Proximal - all proximal need surgical fixation

Undisplaced distal - immobilise In a cast for 6 weeks

Displaced distal - Surgical fixation

Question 2

What are the feature of a Montegia Fracture

Answer 2

Proximal bones affected
Ulnar fracture in proximal 1/3
proximal radial head dislocation

Clue: Mugger

Question 3

What are the features of a Galaezi fracture

Answer 3

Distal Bones affected
Distal Radial fracture
dislocation of distal radio - ulnar joint

Clue: Mugger

Question 4

Hip Fracture

What are the treatment options for extra-capsular hip fractures

Answer 4

Inter-trochanteric

• Stable - Dynamic Hip Screw
• Unstable - Either Dynamic Hip Screw or IM nail (esp if reverse oblique)

Question 5

Hip Fracutres

What are the treatment options for Intracapsular hip fracutres

Answer 5

Young

• Undisplaced - Internal fixation
• Displaced - Internal fixation or Total hip replacemnt

Elderly (both displaced and un displaced)

• good mobility - Total Hip Replacment
• poor mobility - hemi arthroplasty

NB: undisplaced could have internal fixation

Question 6

Describe a Smiths Fracture

Answer 6

Distal radius fracture with volar angulation

Question 7

Descibe a Collies Fracture

Answer 7

Distal radius fracture + dorsal angulation

Question 8

What is Potts Fracture

Answer 8

Bimalleolar ankle fracture caused by forced foot eversion

Question 9

What is a Holstein Lewis Fracture

Answer 9

A HolsteinLewis fracture is a fracture of the distal third of the humerus resulting in entrapment of the radial nerve

Conservative treatment includes reduction and use of a functional brace

Vascular injury may require open surgery

Question 10

What is a bennetts fracture

Answer 10

Compresesion fracture of the base of the first metacarpal

Question 11

What structures pass posteriorally to the Medial Maleolus?

Answer 11

Tom Dick And Nervous Harry

• Tibailis Posterior Tendon
• Flexor Digitorum Longus
• Posterior Tibial Artery
• Tibial Nerve
• Halicus Longus

Question 12

What structures pass posteriorally to the lateral maleolus

Answer 12

superficial to superior peroneal retinaculum

• Sural nerve
• Short saphenous vein

deep to superior peroneal retinaculum

• Peroneus longus tendon
• Peroneus brevis tendon

Question 13

What is the blood supply to the scaphoid bone?

Answer 13

Dorsal carpal branches

Question 14

what structure is in the closest proximity to the hamate

Answer 14

FDP

Question 15

What is the treatment for distal radial fractures?

Answer 15

Treatment is mostly conservative, if affecting the joint surface or angulated then for surgical fixation

Question 16

What is the treatment for proximal humeral fractures?

Answer 16

1. If impacted - Colar and cuff
2. if displaced - ORIF

Question 17

An 18 year old athlete attends orthopaedic clinic reporting pain and swelling over the medial aspect of the knee joint. The pain occurs when climbing the stairs, but is not present when walking on flat ground. Clinically there is pain over the medial, proximal tibia and the McMurray test is negative. What is the most likely cause of this patient’s symptoms?

Answer 17

Pes anserinus bursitis