Pathology Flashcards
Reductio on oxygen to the cell for short periods of time
Hypoxia
Loss of oxygen
Anoxia
Lack of blood supply to an area of tissue or part of an organ
Ischemia
Liquid that is made from leukocytes and dead cell debris
Pus
Death of cells
Necrosis
Reduction in cell size
Atrophy
Increase in cell size
Hypertrophy
Increase in number of cells
Hyperplasia
Decrease in number of cells
Hypoplasia
Change of cell from one type to another
Metaplasia
What does RICE stand for
Rest, Ice , Compression, Elevation
… occurs when cells die and become liquid. Often caused by infarcts in the brain.
Liquefactive Necrosis
A type of necrosis which is so called because the cytoplasm has a coagulated appearance. This often occurs in the heart in response to a myocardial infarction when the cells experience anoxia.
Coagulative Necrosis
A type of necrosis which occurs in fat tissue due to special lipolytic enzymes that only act on fat.
Fat Necrosis
Type of inflammation that is of sudden onset and short duration.
Acute
Type of inflammation that is a sequal to acute inflammation and occurs as a result of PROLONGED healing.
Chronic
Type of inflammation which occurs when an injury never fully heals and the area is reinjured
Acute on Chronic
Category of healing of a clinical or surgical wound or of a skin-penetrating injury with clear, clean margins that have not become separated or that can be closed using sutures, staples, or Steristrips
First Intention Healing
Category of healing which consists of delayed healing of a surgical wound or healing of a nonsurgical wound
Second Intention Healing
Tissue found in a wound which is characterized by a red dotted effect and indicates that the wound is healthy and healing.
Granulation Tissue
Type of scar tissue that spreads beyond the borders of the original wound, resulting from the formation of excessive amounts of granulation tissue and thus too much collagen production
Keloid Scarring
Type of scarring frequently found in persons who have been burned
Hypertrophic Scarring
Scar tissue that connects structures together that are not normally linked.
Adhesion
The removal of necrotic tissue so that the underlying tissue can heal
Debridement
A special type of necrotic tissue that is hard, black or brown, and leathery in texture
Eschar
Pain that is felt within the area of skin supplied by the same nerve root as that supplying the injured area
Referred Pain
T or F: Pain is a subjective experience
True
T or F: Pain receptors triggered by a stimulus send signals along A-delta fibers, which are myelinated and thus transmit at a fast rate
True
Theory which states that for a pain impulse to be perceived by the brain, the number of pain impulses had to outnumber the pain inhibiting factors to open the “Gate” to the brain to send impulses registering pain
Gate Control Theory
What are the types of T Lymphocytes
-Helper T Cells
-Cytotoxic T Cells
:T Suppressor Cells
:Natural Killer Cells (NK)
Bronchial Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis, Atopic Dermatitis, Anaphalactic Shock
Type I Hypersensitivity
Rheumatoid Arthritis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Diabetes Mellitus, Multiple Sclerosis, Myasthenia Gravis, and Reiter’s Syndrome
Type II Hypersensitivity
Glomerulonephritits, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Type III Hypersensitivity
PPD Test, Perfume Test, Latex Test
Type IV Hypersensitivity
The development of a tumor’s own blood supply
Angiogenesis
What type of tumor is:
- Similar in appearance to it’s host tissue
- Slow to grow
- Remains localized (doesn’t spread)
- Smooth with well defined borders and noninvasive
- Lacks vascularity
- Rarely reacurring
Benign
What type of tumor is:
- Different in appearance to it’s host tissue
- Fast to grow
- Known to metastisize (spread)
- Irregular in appearance and invasive
- Highly vascularized
- Known to reacur
Malignant
A more common chromosome abnormality usually resulting froma trisomy of chromosome 21
Down Syndrome
T or F: Clostridium Tetani, which causes tetanus, produce spores that can survive high temperatures and chemicals such as bleach.
True
Which 2 acts are causing Anti-biotic Resistant Bacteria to increase?
- Prescribing antibiotics to children with minor infections
- Patients not finishing their antibiotic prescription
What are the signs of a cardiac arrest?
- Chest pain or discomfort.
- Heart palpitations.
- Rapid or irregular heartbeats.
- Unexplained wheezing.
- Shortness of breath.
- Fainting or near fainting.
- Lightheadedness or dizziness
