Pathology Flashcards
0
Q
Type of hypersensitivity: Mantoux test
A
IV
1
Q
Cobblestone appearance
A
Chron’s disease
TB of the colon ~ caseating granuloma
2
Q
Type of hypersensitivity: ABO incompatibility
A
Type II
3
Q
Substance responsible for caseous necrosis
A
Phosphatides
4
Q
Virulence of MTB
A
Cord factor
Trehalose mycolate
5
Q
C-myc
A
Burkitt’s lymphoma
Associated with EBV
6
Q
Starry sky appearance of the lymph nodes
A
Burkitt’s lymphoma
7
Q
Translocation in Burkitt’s lymphoma
A
t(8,14)
8
Q
KRAS
A
Colon
Kolon, PanKreatic
9
Q
S-100
A
Melanoma
10
Q
Most common type of melanoma
A
Superficial spreading
SS - sikat na sikat
11
Q
Precursor of a melanoma
A
Dysplastic nevus
12
Q
Translocation in CML
A
T(9,22)
13
Q
Sea blue histiocytes
A
CML
14
Q
Anti-gliadin
A
Tropical sprue
15
Q
Anti centromere
A
CREST syndrome
16
Q
Anti histones
A
Drug-induced lupus
17
Q
Anti-glomerular basement membrane
A
Goodpasteur’s syndrome
18
Q
Anti-Scl
A
Scleroderma
Tightening of the skin
19
Q
Malar rash/butterfly rash
A
SLE
20
Q
Heliotrope rash
A
Dermatomyositis
21
Q
Most common CA associated with dermatomyositis
A
Breast CA (paraneoplastic syndrome)
22
Q
Anti-mitochondrial
A
Primary biliary cirrhosis
23
Q
Most common manifestation of biliary cirrhosis
A
Pruritus
24
HLA-B27
Ankylosing sponylitis
| Reiter's syndrome
25
Earliest manifestation of ankylosing spondylitis
Sacro-ileitis
26
Heliotrope rash
Dermatomyositis
Along the eyelids
27
Shawl sign
Dermatomyositis
28
Gottron's nodule
Dematomyositis
29
Nutmeg liver
Chronic passive congestion (CPC) of the liver
30
Pipestem fibrosis
Schistosomiasis
31
Laenec's cirrhosis is also known as
Alcohol cirrhosis
| micronodular cirrhosis
32
Most common type of ASD
Ostium secundum ASD (fossa ovalis)
33
Most commonly encountered cardiac anomaly in children? adults?
Children: VSD
Adults: ASD
34
Most common complication of MI
Ventricular fibrillation > Ventricular tachycardia
35
Most common cause of death 24-48 hours after an MI
Ventricular fibrillation
36
Most common cause of death in diabetics
CAD
37
Most common cause of ESRD
Diabetic nephropathy
38
S-100 is a marker for
Melanoma
39
Type of melanoma with the worst prognosis
Nodular type
40
Most common cause of post-op fever 24-48 hours
Atelectasis
41
Most common post-blood transfusion complication
Fever > Blood transfusion reaction
42
Most common post-thyroidectomy complication
Wound hematoma
43
Most common organ injured in blunt trauma
Spleen
44
Most common benign tumor of the liver
Cavernous hemangioma
45
Most common malignancy of the liver
Metastasis
46
Dermatologic manifestation for visceral malignancy (such as gastric CA)
Acanthosis nigrican
47
Keratin pearls
Squamous cell CA
48
Type of cancer developed from a Marjolin's ulcer
Squamous cell CA
49
Palisading nuclei
Basal cell CA
50
Pearly papules
Basal cell CA
51
Worst headache of your life
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Ruptured berry aneurysm (spontaneous)
ACA > ICA/MCA
Seizures/loss of consciousness
52
Most common cause of pneumonia
Microaspiration of gastric contents
53
Most common site of diverticulosis
Sigmoid
54
Most common site of polyps
Rectosigmoid
55
Most common cause of lobar pneumonia
Strep. pneumoniae
56
Most common dermatome affected in herpes zoster
Thoracic dermatome
57
Most common type of renal cell CA
Clear cell CA
58
Responsible for the 2nd heart sound
Closure of the semi-lunar valves (aortic/pulmonic)
First heart sound: AV valve
59
Most common and most severe form of lupus nephritis
WHO class IV (diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis)
60
Type of nephritis associated with a wire loop appearance
WHO class IV (diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis)
61
Action of Ghrelin
Increases appetite and favors accumulation of abdominal fats
62
Diseases that cause: "salt craving syndrome"
Addison's disease
Barter's syndrome
Gitelman syndrome
63
What is the initial mechanism of transudate formation
Increased vascular permeability
64
In acute congestive heart failure, edema of the lower extremities is due to
Increased hydrostatic pressure
65
Cholangiocarcinoma at the junction of the hepatic ducts
Klatskin tumor
66
In parathyroid CA, how much of the parathyroid is resected
3.5
67
Number of lobes the prostate gland has
5 lobes
68
Normal weight of the prostate
20-30 g
69
Blood sugar level which causes hypoglycemia
<70 mg/dL
70
What blood sugar levels will cause seizure
<40 mg/dL
71
Diabetes type 2 complication? type 1?
Type 2: HONK (Hyperosmolar nonketotic state)
| Type 1: DKA (acetone/fruity breath)
72
Type of nephropathy with the best response to steroids
Minimal change disease
| Lipoid nephrosis
73
Lipoid nephrosis is also known as
Minimal change disease
74
Spike and dome appearance in the kidneys
Membranous glomerulonephritis
75
Lumpy-bumpy appearance of the GN
Acute post strep GN
76
Tram track kidneys
| Double contour
Membranoproliferative GN
77
Tamm horsefall protein
Uromodulin
Proteins in the kidney
78
The most characteristic renal finding in DM
Nodular glomerulosclerosis
79
Kimmilstiel-Wilson
Nodular sclerosis in diabetics
80
Lesions in DM kidney
Kimmilstiel-Wilson
| Armani-Ebstein lesions
81
Armani-Ebstein lesions are seen in
DM kidney
82
Cervical CA is associated with which HPV serotype
HPV 16 and 18
83
Owl's eye appearance
CMV - Gancyclovir
| Reed Sternberg cells - Hodgkin's lymphoma
84
Lacunar cells
Reed-Sternberg cells
Mirror images
Owl's eyes
85
Napkin ring appearance
Colorectal CA
Apple core appearance
86
Dewdrop vesicle/Tear drop vesicles
Varicella zoster
87
Splitting of the skin
Staphyloccocal scalded skin syndrome
Toxin: Exfoliatin
Attacks the basement membrane leading to splitting of the epidermis and dermis
88
Main pathophysiology of shock
Vasodilatation
89
Tumor marker for a yolk sac tumor
Alpha feto-protein
Also seen in hepatoma
90
Strawberry mucosa
Gallbladder cholesterolosis
91
Strawberry gingiva
Wegner's granulomatosis
92
Strawberry tongue
Kawasaki
| Scarlet Fever
93
Watermelon stomach
GAVE (gastric antral vascular ectasia)
94
Cherry red mucosa
Carbon monoxide poisoning
95
Blueberry muffin appearance
Congenital rubella syndrome
| AML, ALL
96
Cottage cheese appearance
Vaginal candidiasis
97
Salmon colored discharge
Wound dehisence
98
Boiled lobster appearance
Scarlet fever
99
Most common site of endometriosis
Ovaries
100
Salt and pepper chromatin
Pheochromocytoma
101
Microscopic finding of a mosaic/lamellar pattern
Paget's disease of the bone
| aka Osteitis deformans
102
Starry sky pattern of the lymph nodes
Burkitt's lymphoma
103
Orphan Annie nuclei
Papillary thyroid CA
Clear cell = orphan annie
104
Crew-cut appearance
Beta thalassemia
Due to bone marrow hyperplasia
105
Chimpunk facies
Beta thalassemia
106
Sanded nuclei
Chronic hepatitis B infection
107
Sea blue histiocytes
CML
108
Libman's Sacks endocarditis
SLE
109
Auer rods
AML
110
Strap cells
Rhabdomyosarcoma
111
Tobacco pouch appearance of the fallopian tube
Pelvic TB
112
Reid index
Chronic bronchitis
113
Collar button lesions
Ulcerative colitis
Associated with sclerosing cholangitis
114
Non-edematous PEM
Marasmus
Emaciation
Shrunken and wizened face
115
Disease of the displaced child
Marasmus
Problem: calorie deficiency
116
Edematous PEM
Kwashiorkor
Dermatitis, depigmentation
Hair is sparse and thin
Bipedal edema
Problem: protein deficiency
117
Flag sign/Signa de bandera
Kwashiorkor
Acrodermatitis enteropathica: zinc defieincy
118
Affected collagen in Alport syndrome
Type IV
Hereditary nephritis with hearing loss
119
During which part of sleep are nightmares and dreams noted
Slow wave sleep
120
Anti Dds DNA Ab (ANA)
SLE
Type III hypersensitivity
121
Anti-epithelial cell Ab
Pemphigus vulgaris
122
Anticentromere Ab
Scleroderma (CREST)
123
Anti-gliadin Ab
Celiac disease
124
Anti-histone
Drug-induced SLE
125
Anti mitochondrial antibody
Primary biliary cirrhosis
126
Increased alpha-feto protein
Yolk sac tumor
| HCC
127
Anti platelet antibodies
ITP
128
Apple green birefringence
Amyloidosis
129
Aschoff bodies
Rheumatic fever
Painless fibrinoid nodule in myocardium
130
Ash leaf spots
Tuberous sclerosis
131
Atypical lymphocytosis
Mononucleosis
132
Autoantibodies against alveolar and glomerular basement membrane proteins
Goodpasture's syndrome
133
Bilateral amygdala lesions
Kluver-Bucy syndrome
Hyperphagia, hypersexuality, hyperorality, hyperdocility,
134
Birbeck granules on EM
Histiocytosis X
135
Nystagmus + intention tremor - scanning speech
Multiple Sclerosis
Charcot's Triad
136
Positive C-anca
Wegener's granulomatosis
137
Schiller-Duval bodies
Yolk-sac tumor
138
Leriche's syndrome
Occlusion of distal aorta
Hip, thigh, and calf fatigue
Impotence
