Microbiology Flashcards
What organism causes achalasia?
Trypanosoma crusi (Chaga’s disease)
Organism causing rectal prolapse
Trichuris trichuria
Most common cause of atypical pneumoniae
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
No cell wall
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Organism that gives a (+) cold agglutinin
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Fried egg appearance
Myocoplasma
Oligodendroglioma
Etiologic agent of bronchiolitis
RSV
Most common cause of infantile diarrhea
RSV
Vector for the Japanese encephalitis
Culex
India Ink
Cryptococcus neoformans
encapsulated yeast
In a low resource setting, what is used to diagnose chlamydia
Giemsa stain
Most common cause of non-gonoccocal urethritis
Chlamydia
Blindness secondary to chlamydial infection is secondary to
Corneal scarring
Special stain used for cryptosporidium
Modified (Kinyoun’s) Acid Fast
Causes diarrhea
Most common cause of infectious diarrhea in an AIDS patient
Cryptosporidium
Smear for Herpes
Tzanck smear
DOC: Acyclovir
Flask-shaped ulcers colon
Entamoeba hystolitica
Invaded layer: submucosa
Amebic abscess (liver abscess) is caused by
Entamoeba hystolitica
Anchovy paste appearance
Amoebic abscess (E. hystolicta)
Most feared complication: Amoebic pericarditis
Spaghetti and meatballs
Tinea Versicolor (Pityriasis)
Malassezia furfur
Sporotrix Shenckii
Rose garderner’s disease
Mariner’s wheel/Pilot’s wheel
Paracoccidiodes Brasilienses
Broad-based budding yeast
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Stain used in P. jiroveci
Methenamine Silver
DOC of P. jiroveci
TMP-SMX
Back-up drug: Pentamidine
Most common cause of pneumonia in AIDS patient
P. jiroveci
Order of infection:
MTB > P. jiroveci > MAI
Oriental lung fluke
Paragonimus westermani
PTB-like symptoms (hemoptysis)
Pulmonary distomiasis
Eating raw cray fish or raw crabs
Paragonimus westermani
Organism associated with cholangiocarcinoma
Clonorchis sinensis
Chinese liver fluke
Re-heated fried rice
B. cereus
Urinary bladder CA
Schistosoma hematobium
He-matobium cases He-maturia
Terminal spine
DOC: Praziquantel
Intermediate host for S. japonicum
Oncomelania quadrasi
Katayama fever
S. japonicum
Lateral spine
Swimmer’s itch
S. japonicum
Intermediate host of C. philippinensis
Pila Luzonica
Areas endemic to schistosomiasis
Mindoro Oriental Sorsogon Samar Leyte Bohol
By region: Surigao, Agusan del Norte Northern Samar Eastern Samar Leyte
Neurocysticercosis
Taenia solium
Pork tapeworm
Most common CNS infection in the WORLD
Neurocysticercosis
Presents with: SEIZURES and HEADACHE
Hydatid cyst
Dog tapeworm
Echinococcus granulosis
Most common cause of splenic cyst (if parasitic)
Echinococcus granulosus
Dog tapeworm
Diphylobothrium latum leads to
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Megaloblastic or pernicious anemia
Longest tapeworm
Diphylobothrium latum
Loeffler’s syndrome (type of pneumonia)
Ascaris lumbricoides
Erratic/wandering behavior
Scariest worm
Most common parasite in the Philippines
DOC for Ascaris lumbricoides
Pyrantel pamoate
Mebendazole
Scotch tape method
E. vermicularis
Pinworm, seatworm
Pruritus ani
E. vermicularis
DOC for E. vermicularis
Pyrantel pamoate
Organisms that cause auto-infection
Enterobious
Strongylodes
Bipolar plugs ova
Trichuris trichiura
Nipple or lemon shape
Complication of whipwhorm
Complication: rectal prolapse
Loa-Loa
Deerfly
2 discrete nuclei at the tail
Calabar swelling
Loa Loa
Black eschar
Bacillus anthracis (cutaneous)
Malignant pustule
Painless ulcers
Woolsorter’s disease
Bacillus anthrax (pulmonary)
Cutaneous larva migrans
Ancyclostoma brasilienses
“A cute Brasilian”
Visceral larva migrans
Toxocara canis
Affects the sclera
River blindness
Onchocerca volvulus
Vector: black fly
Medusa head colonies
Bacillus anthrax
Myonecrosis
Gas gangrene
Clostridium perfringens
Crepitations: gas in the subcutaneous tissue
Treatment for myonecrosis
Hyperbaric oxygen
Bend’s disease is also known as
Caisson’s disease/Cheyne stoke’s
Treatment: hyperbaric oxygen (for anaerobic infection)
Death march of Bataan
Gas gangrene
Friedlander’s bacillus is also known as
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Currant jelly sputum/colonies
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Falling leaf motility
Giardia lamblia
Smiling face with a prominent eyes
Shanghai fever
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Bacillus pyocyanius
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pyocyanin (blue pus)
2 pigments: pyoverdin and pyocyanin
Most common ventilator-associated pnuemonia
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Organism most commonly seen in extensive burns
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
2 infections in cystic fibrosis
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staph aureus
Fruity/grape-like odor
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
DOC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Ceftazidime
Icthyma gangrenosum
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Decubitus ulcer
Yellow sulfur granules
Actinomyces israeli
Lumpy jaw
Actinomyces israeli
Presenting as abscess in the jaw
Diabetic with black nasal discharges/granules
Mucor mycosis
Fatal
Tumbling motility
Listeria monocytogenes
Neonatal meningitis
Organism associated with unpasteurized milk and coleslaw
Listeria monocytogenes
Brucella
Airconditioned units
Legionella
Pneumonia with hyponatremia
Cooling towers
Pontiac fever
Legionella + high grade fever
Packs of cigars
Myocbacterium leprae
Cigar-shaped yeast
Sporothrix shenckii
Hansen’s disease is also known as
Leprosy
Chinese character appearance
Corynebacterium diptheriae
Shepherd’s crook
Chilomastix mesnili
“Shepherds have stix”
Bacteria presents as school of fish appearance
Lymphogranuloma venerum
Draughtsman or carom coin appearance
Pneumococci
Relapsing fever
Borellia recurrentis
Malta fever
Brucella
Undulant fever
Relapsing fever
Organism associated with colon CA? gastric CA? Cholangiocarcinoma? Cervical CA?
Colon: Strep. bovis
Gastric: H. pylori
Cholangiocarcinoma: Chlonorchis sinensis
Cervical CA: HPV 16 and 18
EBV is associated with?
Nasopharyngeal CA
Burkitt’s lymphoma
Anasakis is associated with what CA
Stomach CA
Organism associated with Lyme disease
Borrelia burgdorferi
Ixodes tick
Rash associated with Lyme disease
Erythema chonicum migrans
Target/Bull’s eye lesion
Ixodes tick is associated with
Babesia microti Lyme disease (Borrelia)
Rocky mountain spotted fever
Rickettsia rickettsi
Camping or great outdoor
Recrudescent typhus
Rickettsiae prowazekii
Brill-Zeinsser disease
Q fever
Coxiella burnetti
Only rickettsial species not transmitted by arthropods
Only rickettsial species not transmitted by arthropods
Coxiella burnetti (Q fever)
Transmitted through fomites
Safety pin appearance
Yersinia pestis
Bubonic plague
Yersinia pestis
What causes tissue damage in PTB
Cord factor (trehalose mycolate)
Cherry red colonies
Serratia marcescens
Golden yellow colonies
Staphyloccocus aureus
Yellow pigment ~ Staphyloxanthin
UTI in young sexually active female
Staph. saprophyticus
Most common etiologic agent of UTI
E. coli
Food poisoning associated with mayonnaise
Staphylococcal food poisoning
Picnic/party with N/V and diarrhea
Toxin: Enterotoxin
Swarming growth
Proteus mirabilis/vulgaris
UTI and kidney stones (staghorn calculi)
Swarming growth is due to the flagella (peritrichous)
Urease-producing organisms
H. pylori
Proteus
Colonies show a stalactile growth
Yersinia pestis
Greenish metallic sheen
E. coli
Honeymoon cystitis
E. coli
Bacteriologic index of water
E. coli
Montezuma’s revenge
E. coli
Traveller’s diarrhea
Type of E. coli that causes HUS
Enterohemorrhagic
Shiga-like toxin, Veratoxin
Serotype of HUS in children
Serotype 0157
Thayer Martin culture
Neisseria
Squamous epithelial cells surrounded by bacteria
Clue cells
Clue cells
Bacterial vaginosis
To diagnose: Amsel’s criteria
Fishy odor of the vagina
Bacterial vaginosis
Strawberry cervix
Trichomonas vaginalis
DOC: Metronidazole
Whiff’s test
Bacterial vaginosis
Bullet-shaped organism
rabies
Incomplete virus
Hepatitis D
Beneficial enteric bacteria
Lactobacillus
Pea soup stool + rose spots
Typhoid fever (S. typhi)
Rice water stool
Cholera
Auramine rhodamine stain is also known as the
Acid fast stain
Used for PTB