Biochemistry

Question 0

Joints Okazaki fragments

Answer 0

DNA ligase

Question 1

Catalyzes the transcription of DNA to synthesize precursors of mRNA

Answer 1

RNAP or POL II (RNA polymerase)

Question 2

Seals the DNA nicks

Answer 2

DNA ligase

Question 3

Negative supercoils

Answer 3

Topoisomerase

Question 4

Unwinding of DNA (positive supercoils)

Answer 4

Helicase

Question 5

Proofreading of DNA

Answer 5

Exonuclease

3’ to 5’ direction

Question 6

Amino acids in solution at neutral pH will predominantly have two charges (negative/positive)

Answer 6

Zwitterion/dipolar ion

Question 7

RLE in heme porphyrin synthesis

Answer 7

ALA syntahse

Question 8

Substrates for heme synthesis

Answer 8

Glycine and succinyl CoA

Question 9

RNA polymerase has 2 units, which are for:

1) Sigma
2) Rho

Answer 9

1) Sigma: initiation

2) Rho factor: termination

Question 10

Carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate

Answer 10

Pyruvate carboxylase

Anaplerotic reaction: reaction that links glycolysis with Kreb’s cycle

Question 11

RLE in urea cycle

Answer 11

Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase I (mitochondria)

Question 12

Cycles that happen in both cytosol and mitochondria

Answer 12

1) Heme synthesis
2) Urea cycle
3) Gluconeogenesis

“HUG”

Question 13

RLE for glycolysis

Answer 13

Phosphofructokinase

Inhibited by sodium stibogluconate (DOC leishmaniasis)

Question 14

Enzyme responsible for disulfiram reaction

Answer 14

Aldehyde dehydrogenase

Metronidazole, Cephalosoporin, Procarbazine

Question 15

Enzyme inhibited by Orlistat

Answer 15

Lipase

Helps reduce TG (dietary fats)

Question 16

Enzyme inhibited by Cilastatin

Answer 16

Renal dihydropeptidase inhibitor

Given in combination with Imipenem

Question 17

Jumping genes

Answer 17

Transposons

Sequences of DNA that can move around to different positions within the genome

Question 18

Mirror images

Answer 18

Enantiomers

Question 19

Chargaff’s rule

Answer 19

A=T

G=C (3 bonds, stronger, higher melting point)

Question 20

Avidin

Answer 20

Protein found in raw egg white

Inhibit the absorption of biotin

Question 21

Deficiency in hereditary spherocytosis

Answer 21

Spectrin

Question 22

Termination codon/Stop codon

Answer 22

UAA
UGA
UAG

Question 23

Mutations involving the stop codons

Answer 23

Non sense codon

Question 24

Sequence pattern of nucleotides in a DNA sequence or amino acids in a protein

Answer 24

Motifs

Question 25

Responsible for protein folding

Answer 25

Chaperone

Question 26

Desmolase is a type of

Answer 26

Chaperone

Question 27

Unhealthy fats and increases the risk of CVD

Answer 27

Saturated fats (single bonds)

Question 28

Essential fatty acids are which type of fats

Answer 28

Unsaturated (double bonds) FA

Question 29

Substance responsible for thrombus formation

Answer 29

Thromboxane A2

For platelet aggregation, vasoconstriction, and thrombus formation

Question 30

Basic amino acids

Answer 30

HAL

Histidine
Arginine
Lysine

Question 31

Reason of ketosis formation in fasting

Answer 31

Mobilization of FA

Question 32

Teratogenic vitamin

Answer 32

Vitamin A

Question 33

Southern blot
Northern blot
Western blot

Answer 33

DNA
RNA
Proteins

Question 34

NRAM (natural resistance associated macrophage protein)

Answer 34

Mycobacterium avium intracellulare

MTB

Question 35

BEG gene

Answer 35

MAI (or MTB)

Question 36

Sugar attached to Blood type A

Answer 36

NAC

N-acetyglucosamine fucose

Question 37

Sugar attached to Blood type B

Answer 37

D-galactose

Question 38

Smallest gene for DNA expression

Answer 38

Cistron

Question 39

Protein infectious particle

Answer 39

Prion