Pathogens, diseases and cures Flashcards
What are pathogens?
Harmful microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protists
What disease is caused by Vibrio cholerae?
Cholera
What are the effects of cholera?
Severe diarrhea, dehydration
How is cholera spread?
Contaminated water
What disease is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
Tuberculosis
What are the effects of tuberculosis?
Lung damage, persistent cough
How is tuberculosis spread?
Airborne droplets
What disease is caused by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus?
Chalara Ash Dieback
What are the effects of Chalara Ash Dieback?
Leaf loss, bark lesions
How is Chalara Ash Dieback spread?
Airborne spores
What disease is caused by Plasmodium spp.?
Malaria
What are the effects of malaria?
Destroys red blood cells, liver damage
How is malaria spread?
Mosquito bites (vector)
What virus causes HIV/AIDS?
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
What are the effects of HIV/AIDS?
Destroys white blood cells, weakens immunity
How is HIV/AIDS spread?
Exchange of body fluids
What virus causes Ebola?
B. ebolavirus
What are the effects of Ebola?
Fever, internal and external bleeding
How is Ebola spread?
Contact with body fluids
What is one mode of pathogen spread that involves touching contaminated surfaces?
Direct Contact
What is the term for diseases spread through drinking contaminated water?
Waterborne
What is the mode of pathogen spread involving inhaling droplets?
Airborne
Name one method to reduce the spread of infections.
Improve hygiene: Regular handwashing, using tissues when sneezing, disinfecting surfaces
What is another method to reduce the spread of infections?
Reduce contact: Isolate infected individuals
How can vectors like mosquitoes be eliminated?
Use pesticides or remove habitats
What is a preventive measure that provides immunity to populations?
Vaccination
