Past Paper Mistake Revison

Question 1

What are pathogens?

Answer 1

Organisms that cause disease

Pathogens include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.

Question 2

What is the purpose of plotting a graph in this context?

Answer 2

To find the concentration with no mass change

This often relates to experimental data analysis.

Question 3

List three environmental factors that can affect health.

Answer 3

• Diet / food intake
• Exercise / activity
• Disease status

Environmental factors play a significant role in overall health.

Question 4

What does it indicate if BMI is in the overweight range?

Answer 4

Possible excess body fat

BMI is a measure of body fat based on height and weight.

Question 5

What does a waist:hip ratio in the healthy range suggest?

Answer 5

Fat is not around vital organs or high muscle percentage

A healthy waist:hip ratio is associated with lower health risks.

Question 6

What health issue can excessive alcohol consumption cause?

Answer 6

Liver damage

Alcohol can lead to various liver diseases, including cirrhosis.

Question 7

True or False: Not smoking reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Answer 7

True

Smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.

Question 8

Describe the pathway of a stimulus response.

Answer 8

Stimulus detected by receptor → sensory neurone to CNS → motor neurone → effector produces response

This pathway is part of the reflex arc.

Question 9

What is the function of the myelin sheath?

Answer 9

To speed up the transmission of the electrical impulse

Myelin insulates the axon of neurones, facilitating faster signal conduction.

Question 10

What type of response does the nervous system provide?

Answer 10

Rapid, involuntary automatic response

This response is crucial for protecting the body from danger.

Question 11

What are the male and female genotypes in this context?

Answer 11

Male genotype: ZZ; Female genotype: ZW

This is relevant in genetics, specifically in determining sex in certain species.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The female bird determines the sex of the offspring, unlike in _______.

Answer 12

humans

In humans, sex determination is based on male gametes.

Question 13

What is the outcome of the described genetic cross?

Answer 13

50% ZZ (male), 50% ZW (female)

This ratio indicates the probability of offspring sex based on parental genotypes.