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BacT JK > Pathogenic Yeasts > Flashcards

Pathogenic Yeasts Flashcards

1
Q

T/F. It is difficult to grow Candida albicans in culture.

A

False.

Easy to grow!

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2
Q

Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding the causes of endogenous infections by Candida albican?

A. Immunosuppression
B. Prolonged antibiotic therapy (common in humans0
C. Concurrent infections
D. Underlining diseases
E. Malnutrition
F. All of the above.
A

D. Underlining diseases

Not a cause.

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3
Q

What is “Terry-toweling” effect in chickens caused by Candida albicans?

A

“Sour crop”

Corrugated yellow-gray necrotic psudomembrane.

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4
Q

T/F. Candida albicans cause suppurative lesions instead of granulomatous.

A

True.

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5
Q

Which of the following is INCORRECT about Candida albicans?

A. Centrifuged milk (MASTITIS)
B. "Beery" smell
C. Can be stained with CHROMager
D. Lesional scrapes
E. None of the above
A

E. None of the above

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6
Q

Which species of Cryptococcus affect animals?

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

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7
Q

What are the TWO important characteristics of Cryptococcus?

A
  1. large mucoid polysaccharid capsule

2. Daughter cells are single and connected to parent by NARROW neck.

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8
Q

What are the two important serotypes of Cryptococcus neoformans? Where are these yeasts found?

A 
Serotype A (C. n. var. grubii) and Serotype D (C. n. var. neoformans).
Yeasts are concentrated in pigeon feces.
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9
Q

What is the most important virulence factor of Cryptococcus neoformans?

A

Large capsule

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10
Q

Which animal species is most affected by Cryptococcus neoformans? What are the lesions? What is the transmission?

A

Cats.
Rhinits, nasal granulomas, CNS involvement, ocular/cutaneous infections (can happen anywhere).
Respiratory transmission (inhalation).

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11
Q

T/F. Cryptococcus neoformans are a zoonotic agent so need to be careful when handling.

A

Ture.

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12
Q

How does the culture look like if you leave Cryptococcus neoformans in it for a long time?

A

Mucoid growth with age

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13
Q

Which species of Malassezia is the most important pathogen in animals? What does it cause?

A

Malassezia pachydermatis.

Otitis externa and Seborrheic dermatitis.

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14
Q

What is the morphology of Malasseia?

A

Peanut-shaped yeast.

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15
Q

Describe the two growth forms in dimorphic fungi.

A

MOLD when growing saprophytically in the environment (or in culture 25-30C; MORE STABLE).
YEAST in animal tissues (or in culture at 37C).

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16
Q

T/F. Dimorphic fungi may cause SYSTEMIC MYCOSIS in animals and humans.

A

True.

17
Q

Which species cause Rose-handler’s disease? Who is the primarily host? Where is it commonly found (Geographically)

A

Sporothrix schenkii
Cat
Worldwide (tropics and subtropics)

18
Q

Which species has a “cigar” shape in dimorphic fungi?

A 
Sporothrix schenkii
(Demodex does as well so don't be confused).
19
Q

T/F. Sporothrix schenkii is not zoonotic.

A

False.

Zoonotic.

20
Q

Who does Blastomyces dermatitidis affect? What is the disease name? Where is it common found (geographically)

A

Dogs (large breeds), humans.
Blastomycosis.
Eastern North America (Europe, India, Middle East > sporadic)

21
Q

What is the microscopic appearance of Blastomyces dermatitidis?

A

Broad-based buds.

22
Q

What kind of infection is Blastomycosis in dogs? What is the pathogenesis?

A

PROGRESSIVE infection.

Begins as lung infection (inhalation) > pyogranulomatous lesions > disseminate to skin and eyes.

23
Q

What can be used to treat Blastomyces dermatitidis infection?

A

Itraconazole

24
Q

What is the common disease name that is caused by Coccidioides immitis? Where is it found geographically?

A

“Valley Fever”

Semi-arid southwestern US, Central and South America

25
Q

What is the important microscopic appearance of Coccidioides immitis?

A

SPHERULES filled with ENDOSPORES in tissues.

26
Q

Where do you often find Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum?

A

Mississippi, Ohio River Valleys, Kentucky, Tenessee

27
Q

Who does Coccidioides immitis affect commonly?

A

Adult male dogs.

28
Q

T/F. Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum is intracellular pathogen.

A

True.

29
Q

What is the common name of disease caused by Histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum? Who is the primary host? Where is it found geographically?

A

Epizootic lymphangitis (open up lymphatic vessels)
“African horse farcy”
Horse in Africa

30
Q

What is the colonial morphology of Histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum?

A

Minute gray flakes, later dry and very wrinkled (breakfast cereal).

31
Q

Which species is the only significant animal pathogen in Canidida?

A

Candida albicans

32
Q

What is a characteristic of “Rose-handler’s disease” lesions?

A

Follow the lymphatic tracts (Affect lymphatics, esp. in horses).

BacT JK (10 decks)

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