patho- respiratory Flashcards
surfactant covers the ____surface of cells and is produce by type ___ cells
inner; 2
prevents collapse of alveolus during expiration
surfactant
Boyle’s Law
air moves from high to low pressure
central chemoreceptors
located in the medulla; responds quickly to increase PCO2 in arterial blood and decreased pH in CSF
peripheral chemoreceptors
located in carotid and aortic bodies; sensitive to changes in arterial blood
hypercapnia
increased levels of PCO2; results in respiratory acidosis- increased ventilation to compensate
hypocapnia
decreased PCO2; can be caused by hyperventilation (respiratory alkalosis)
extrinsic asthma
acute episodes triggered by type 1 hypersensitivity reaction to allergens
intrinsic asthma
hyper-responsive tissue in airway initiates attack (respiratory infection, cold stress, cigs)
disease that leads to decreased lung recoil and progressive difficulty with EXPIRATION (barrel chest) “pink puffers”; clubbed fingers
emphysema
“blue bloaters” (cyanosis)
chronic bronchitis
disease that has production of large amounts of purulent foul smelling sputum; permanent dilation of medium sized bronchi
bronchiectasis
you might have ____ if you’re coughing up blood/bloody sputum and have rales
pulmonary edema
atelectasis
lung collapse
plural effusion
presence of excessive fluid in the pleural cavity
decreased ERV and FEV
COPD
decreased IRV
inspiratory restrictions (restrictive lung disease)
kussmaul respiration
deep, rapid breathing
