Patho Of The Symptoms Of Schizophrenia

Question 1

Patho

Answer 1

Its complicated. There is no one specific gene associated but there is a variation of a gene does increase the risk
Idetical Twin studies show that if one twin has it the other has 60% chance of developing it too

Have to consider
Social environment
Stress
Triggering events
Family hx
Biology
Personal psychology

Question 2

Patho

Answer 2

Its complicated. There is no one specific gene associated but there is a variation of a gene does increase the risk
Idetical Twin studies show that if one twin has it the other has 60% chance of developing it too

Have to consider
Social environment
Stress
Triggering events
Family hx
Biology
Personal psychology

Question 3

Schizophrenia psychosis

Answer 3

Sensory hallucinations
Delusions
Disorganized speech

25% will recover
25% may have unstable periods
50% will have continuing psychotic episodes

Question 4

Other contributions of causation

Answer 4

Finland study.. children who were adopted from woman who had been hospitilzed with schizophrenia….if a child is raised in a dysfunctional family high risk of developing schizophrenia
If child raised in a functional family no more increased risk than child with no family hx of the disorder

Neuroplasticity the ability of thr brain to make new connections and pathways
Glial cells
Prolonged stress and cortisol release can decrease Neuroplasticity
High levels of cortisol negatively affect development of the amygdala, frontal.lobe and limbic system

Alcohol?

Chemical structural.changes
Babies born in winter or spring…inflammation or infection
Maternal influenza during pregnancy
Decrease in grey matter
Heavy cannabis users are six times more likely to develop it hany et al 2024

Question 5

Other contributions of causation

Answer 5

Finland study.. children who were adopted from woman who had been hospitilzed with schizophrenia….if a child is raised in a dysfunctional family high risk of developing schizophrenia
If child raised in a functional family no more increased risk than child with no family hx of the disorder

Neuroplasticity the ability of thr brain to make new connections and pathways
Glial cells
Prolonged stress and cortisol release can decrease Neuroplasticity
High levels of cortisol negatively affect development of the amygdala, frontal.lobe and limbic system

Alcohol?

Chemical structural.changes
Babies born in winter or spring…inflammation or infection
Maternal influenza during pregnancy
Decrease in grey matter
Heavy cannabis users are six times more likely to develop it hany et al 2024

Question 6

Pathology of the positive symptoms

Answer 6

Sensory hallucinations
Delusions
Disorg speech and behaviour
Mesolombic pathway in the brain.. reward pathways
Dopamine
Increase dopamine triggers the feeling of reward
Chronic stress decreases the dopamine in limbic pathway

5 kinds of dopamine receptors. The D2 ate the main ones ass with schizo but not the only ones
For people with schizo there is an increase in D2 receptors in the mesolimboc pathways

Question 7

Pathology of the positive symptoms

Answer 7

Sensory hallucinations
Delusions
Disorg speech and behaviour
Mesolombic pathway in the brain.. reward pathways
Dopamine
Increase dopamine triggers the feeling of reward
Chronic stress decreases the dopamine in limbic pathway

5 kinds of dopamine receptors. The D2 ate the main ones ass with schizo but not the only ones
For people with schizo there is an increase in D2 receptors in the mesolimboc pathways

Question 8

Pathology of the negative symptoms

Answer 8

Apathy, lack of motivation, inability to initiate action, emotional bunting, poor concentration

Cannabis…mesolimbic

Mesocortical
Needed to.maintain attention
Used.dopamine and serotonin
Dopamine I’d frcreased in this pathway in schizophrenia
This is why serotonin increases