Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

STEP1 > Patho cardio > Flashcards

Patho cardio Flashcards

1
Q

ethnicities in aktr shi - a2al shi bil hypertension

A

AA > caucasian > asian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis histology

it has ____ cell proliferation?

A

fibrinoid necrosis and hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis

we see smooth msucle cell proliferation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what layers are involved in Monkeberg sclerosis ? which is not involved?

A

internal elastic lamina and tunica media.

tunica intima is not involved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

arteriolar rarefraction

A

loss of arterioles due to chronic HTN –> they close off and gets absorbed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

obesity can lead to what heart failurre

A

diastolic HF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

hyperplastic hypertension can lead to ____________( shi khaso bi anemia)

A

microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

RF of thoracic abdominal aneurysm

A

Connective tissue
bicuspid
HTN
histologically ( syphilus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what layer madrube bil aortic dissection?

A

intima

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

dipyridamole and regadenoson are

A

vasodilators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

T wave inversion seen in

T wave hyperacute

A

inversion with depresssion

hyperacute with elevation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what do we treat prinzmetal with

A

CCB, nitrates and smoking cessation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

marfan histology shows

A

cystic medial degeneration with basket weaven

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

SCD bado wykun within

A

1 hour of symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

pericarditis we give

A

aspirin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

0-4 hours MI :
4-12 hr
12-24

A

0-4 :normal myocardium( myofibril relaxation)
4-12: elongated myocyte( wavy)
12-24: hypereosinophilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

3 examples of unstable plaques

A

HIGH CORE OF lipids
thin fibrous capsule
active inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

v1-v3 ST elevation think

v1-v3 ST depression think

A

elevation : brugada

PDA infarct . do right EKG and check V7-V9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q 
Brugada : 
inheritance? 
EKG findings ? 
ethnicity ? 
complications?
treatment?
A 
Asian 
pseudoright bundle branch block with V1-V3 ST elevation
arythmias and SCD 
AD 
prevent through ICD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fixed coronary artery stenosis . limits blood supply

A

stable angina is a mismatch of O2 supplyy and demand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

ventricular pseudoaneurysm is most common in what type of infarction?

A

Anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

AL and PM pappillary muscle supply

A

AL : dual from LAD and LCX

whilesingle blood supply PM : only from RCA or from LCX

22
Q

true ventricular aneurysm

A

outward bulges with contraction( dyskinesia ) associated with fibrosis

23
Q

Dilated CM : mutations

A

Xlinked: dystrophin gene
AD :truncating titin( TTN gene)
+ the others

24
Q

treatment of HCM

what not to give

A

CCB , beta blockers , ICD ( do not give diuretics krml bekhef el preload and this is worse) . do not give digoxin ( increase obstructing force)

25
Q

HCM 3 main problems

A

LVOT
arythmias
mitral regurge

26
Q

Hydralazine with nitrate therapy in HF

A

improves symptoms and mortality in select patients ( who cannot toletaye ACE and ARB)

27
Q

ANP causes :
via what
what drug increase ANP?

A

via cGMP

1) vasodilation
2) natriusis ( dilates afferent and constrict efferent)
3) inhibit renin
4) inhibit sodium reabsorption from PCT

sacubtril ( inhibit neprilysin that breaks down ANP

decrease preload and decrease afterload

28
Q

aschoff bodies are

A

granuloma with giant cells

29
Q

anitschow cells

A

enlarged macrophages with ovoid wavy rod like nucleus

30
Q

tertiary syphilus :

A

distrupts vaso vasorum with atrophy vessel wall and dilation of aorta and aortic ring

31
Q

tree bark appearnce

A

syphilus

32
Q

cardiac tamponade keef el extemeties and the lungs

A

cool extremities and clear lungs

33
Q

myxoma : act like what kind of murmer

histology?

A

mitral stenosis (early diastolic tumor plop sound)
high vascularity –> high area of hemorrhage ( hemosiderin laden macrophage)
gelatinous material, myxomatous cells in GAG

34
Q

rhabdomyoma usually affect what chamber of heart ? histology?

A

ventricles

hemartomatous growths

35
Q

constrictive pericarditis occurs after

A

weeks or months of acute pericarditis

36
Q

pericardial knock seen in

A

constrictive pericarditis

37
Q

myocarditis can lead to :

A

1) Heart block
2) Thrombus
3) dilated cardiomyopathy
4) HF

38
Q

carcinooid tumor lead to what kind of valvular patholigies

why limited honeke?

A

tricuspid regurge and pulmonary stenosis

le2ano fe monoamine oxidase in pulmonary vascular endothelium that limits it there

39
Q

limban sacks - SLE which valves ? what murmer

A

mitral and aortic
mitral regurge aktr shi in SLE especially on both sides fe vegetations
despoition of sterile platlet thrombi

40
Q

what is the most valve frequenctly involved in endocarditis ?

A

mitral valve

41
Q

bacteria associated with endocarditis

A

staph, pseudomona, candida

coxiella - bartonella - HACEK ( haemphilus , aggregatibactermm cardiobacterrium, eikenella , kingellla )

42
Q

Note strep vidrians vs. staph in endocarditis

A

staph can destroy the valve and even erode the myocardium

strep viridna slow virulence . does not erode valve. trap baceria on damaged endothelial valves

43
Q

what malignancy lead to endocarditis

A

adenocarcinoma ( mucinous adeno)

44
Q

aortocavitary fistula

A

happens in endocarditis with staph aureus when the infection extends from the valve to adjacent myocardium( like RV)

45
Q

transmural inflammation with fibrnoid necrosis senn in

A

PAN

46
Q

takayaso is a ____ disease

A

pulseless disase

47
Q

perforation of nasal septum with what vasculitis

A

wegner

48
Q

which vasculitis has wrist / foot drop

A

Churg strauss

49
Q

whhich has superficial nodular phlebitis

A

buerger

50
Q

where do we see innumerable renal microaneurysms and spasms on arteriogram

A

polyarteritis nodosum

51
Q

pericarditis on EKG :

A

diffuse ST elevation +/- PR depression

52
Q

hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis affect what layer

A

intima ( smooth muscle proliferation) onion skinning

STEP1 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions