Patho cardio Flashcards by Yara Khalifeh

ethnicities in aktr shi - a2al shi bil hypertension

AA > caucasian > asian

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hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis histology

it has ____ cell proliferation?

fibrinoid necrosis and hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis

we see smooth msucle cell proliferation

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what layers are involved in Monkeberg sclerosis ? which is not involved?

internal elastic lamina and tunica media.

tunica intima is not involved

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arteriolar rarefraction

loss of arterioles due to chronic HTN –> they close off and gets absorbed

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obesity can lead to what heart failurre

diastolic HF

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hyperplastic hypertension can lead to ____________( shi khaso bi anemia)

microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

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RF of thoracic abdominal aneurysm

Connective tissue
bicuspid
HTN
histologically ( syphilus)

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what layer madrube bil aortic dissection?

intima

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dipyridamole and regadenoson are

vasodilators

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T wave inversion seen in

T wave hyperacute

inversion with depresssion

hyperacute with elevation

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what do we treat prinzmetal with

CCB, nitrates and smoking cessation

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marfan histology shows

cystic medial degeneration with basket weaven

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SCD bado wykun within

1 hour of symptoms

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pericarditis we give

aspirin

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0-4 hours MI :
4-12 hr
12-24

0-4 :normal myocardium( myofibril relaxation)
4-12: elongated myocyte( wavy)
12-24: hypereosinophilia

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3 examples of unstable plaques

HIGH CORE OF lipids
thin fibrous capsule
active inflammation

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v1-v3 ST elevation think

v1-v3 ST depression think

elevation : brugada

PDA infarct . do right EKG and check V7-V9

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Brugada : 
inheritance? 
EKG findings ? 
ethnicity ? 
complications?
treatment?

Asian 
pseudoright bundle branch block with V1-V3 ST elevation
arythmias and SCD 
AD 
prevent through ICD

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Fixed coronary artery stenosis . limits blood supply

stable angina is a mismatch of O2 supplyy and demand

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ventricular pseudoaneurysm is most common in what type of infarction?

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AL and PM pappillary muscle supply

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AL : dual from LAD and LCX

whilesingle blood supply PM : only from RCA or from LCX

true ventricular aneurysm

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outward bulges with contraction( dyskinesia ) associated with fibrosis

Dilated CM : mutations

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Xlinked: dystrophin gene
AD :truncating titin( TTN gene)
+ the others

treatment of HCM

what not to give

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CCB , beta blockers , ICD ( do not give diuretics krml bekhef el preload and this is worse) . do not give digoxin ( increase obstructing force)

HCM 3 main problems

LVOT arythmias mitral regurge

Hydralazine with nitrate therapy in HF

improves symptoms and mortality in select patients ( who cannot toletaye ACE and ARB)

ANP causes : via what what drug increase ANP?

via cGMP 1) vasodilation 2) natriusis ( dilates afferent and constrict efferent) 3) inhibit renin 4) inhibit sodium reabsorption from PCT sacubtril ( inhibit neprilysin that breaks down ANP decrease preload and decrease afterload

aschoff bodies are

granuloma with giant cells

anitschow cells

enlarged macrophages with ovoid wavy rod like nucleus

tertiary syphilus :

distrupts vaso vasorum with atrophy vessel wall and dilation of aorta and aortic ring

tree bark appearnce

syphilus

cardiac tamponade keef el extemeties and the lungs

cool extremities and clear lungs

myxoma : act like what kind of murmer | histology?

mitral stenosis (early diastolic tumor plop sound) high vascularity --> high area of hemorrhage ( hemosiderin laden macrophage) gelatinous material, myxomatous cells in GAG

rhabdomyoma usually affect what chamber of heart ? histology?

ventricles | hemartomatous growths

constrictive pericarditis occurs after

weeks or months of acute pericarditis

pericardial knock seen in

constrictive pericarditis

myocarditis can lead to :

1) Heart block 2) Thrombus 3) dilated cardiomyopathy 4) HF

carcinooid tumor lead to what kind of valvular patholigies | why limited honeke?

tricuspid regurge and pulmonary stenosis | le2ano fe monoamine oxidase in pulmonary vascular endothelium that limits it there

limban sacks - SLE which valves ? what murmer

mitral and aortic mitral regurge aktr shi in SLE especially on both sides fe vegetations despoition of sterile platlet thrombi

what is the most valve frequenctly involved in endocarditis ?

mitral valve

bacteria associated with endocarditis

staph, pseudomona, candida | coxiella - bartonella - HACEK ( haemphilus , aggregatibactermm cardiobacterrium, eikenella , kingellla )

Note strep vidrians vs. staph in endocarditis

staph can destroy the valve and even erode the myocardium strep viridna slow virulence . does not erode valve. trap baceria on damaged endothelial valves

what malignancy lead to endocarditis

adenocarcinoma ( mucinous adeno)

aortocavitary fistula

happens in endocarditis with staph aureus when the infection extends from the valve to adjacent myocardium( like RV)

transmural inflammation with fibrnoid necrosis senn in

PAN

takayaso is a ____ disease

pulseless disase

perforation of nasal septum with what vasculitis

wegner

which vasculitis has wrist / foot drop

Churg strauss

whhich has superficial nodular phlebitis

buerger

where do we see innumerable renal microaneurysms and spasms on arteriogram

polyarteritis nodosum

pericarditis on EKG :

diffuse ST elevation +/- PR depression

hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis affect what layer

intima ( smooth muscle proliferation) onion skinning

Patho cardio Flashcards

(52 cards)