Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

STEP1 > Cardio > Flashcards

Cardio Flashcards

1
Q

Phospholamban increase or decrease leads to contractility ?

A

decrease ( its phosphorylation leads to its inactivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

contractility depends on 2 entities

A

size of the inward current I

amount of Ca from previous beats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

lysitropy

A

myocardial relaxation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Verapamil is nondihydro or dihydro?

A

non-dihydro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

increase in afterload will lead to increase in wall _____.sho besir to decrease hal increase

A

wall tension

heart hypertrophies to decrease the wall tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how is afterload approximated?

A

MAP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

increase or decrease in extracellular Na will lead to contractility

A

decrease . krml el Na/Ca channel . less na out. less na rah eyfut so less Ca rah yedhar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

flow

A

pressure/resistance = V x A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

lowest flow velocity is found in what vessels?

A

cappillary (because they have the highest surface area)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

compliance formula

A

C = V/P

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

when we are measuring the Pul wedge pressure ka2ano we are measuring the

A

LAP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

parasympathetic innervation of the heart is to?

A

atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

dromotropic

A

conduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

frank starling

A

increase in volume –> increase in ventricular muscle fiber –> increase in developed tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

period of highesr O2 consumption in the pressure-volume loop/

A

isovolumetric contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

S3 in a young individual is

A

normal in children- young adults - and pregnant woman

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

S4 in elderly individual is

A

always abnormal regardless of the age of the patient.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

the y descent sho fe pathologies

A

prominent in constrictive pericarditis and absent in cardiac tamponade .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

clamping of abdominal artery lead to

A

increase afterload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what 2 things increase TPR and what decrease TPR

and what is shift shape like ( clock)

A

increase TPR : vasopressors - clockwise

decrease TPR : exercise and AV shunt - counterclockwise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

can we determine easily the RAP in decrease or increase in TPR ? without using the graph? why

A

No le2ano masalan , increase in TPR –> decrease CO -> increase RAP
increase in TPR –> decrease in VR –> deccrease RAP

so we cannot expct this , we need the graph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what happens to the split in left bundle branch block

A

eliminated in inspiration.

paradoxical in expiration

23
Q

where do we hear the flow murmer and aortic valve sclerosis( area of ascultation)

A

aortic area

flow murmur can be heard kamen pulmonary area

24
Q

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy : systolic murmer where do we here it

A

left sternal border

25
Q

ventral septal defect heard at

ASD heart at

A

tricuspid

pulmonary area

26
Q

more blood leads to earlier or later onset of MVP ?

A

later

27
Q

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy murmer

A

cresesendo - descendo systolic murmer

S4 murmer

28
Q

infective endocarditis can lead to what murmer

A

MR - AR

29
Q

bicuspid aortic valve can lead to what type of murmers

A

aortic regurge

aortic stenosis

30
Q

a stenosis in a diastolic murmur leads to awal ma etbalesh el murmer sho besamu7a
a stenosis in a systolic murmur sho besamu7a

A

opening snap–> diastolic

ejection click –> systolic

31
Q

decrease interval in MS between S2 and OS correlates with

A

increased severity

32
Q

PDA : loudest at which point in murmer and where is it heart

A

at the S2 and heard at left infraclavicular area .

33
Q

hada 3ndo dysphagia / hoarsness + murmer . sho mnfaker

A

mitral stenosis

34
Q

what murmer can predispose you to infective endocarditis

A

MVP

35
Q

pulsus pavus and tardus

A

AS

36
Q

TR most commonly caused by

A

RV dilatation

37
Q

inspiratiorn increase what heart murmers. why?

A

right. since it decrease intrathoracic pressure that increaes venous return but decreases LVR le2ano decrease in intrathoracic pressure increase pulmonary capacitance

38
Q

what the are 2 congenital QT syndromes?

A

Romano ( AD) ; pure cardiac phenotype- KCN2 ( khaso bil K receptors leading to a prolonged QT
Lange : sensorineural deficit ( LQ1 and LQ2)

39
Q

PR of WPW is

A

shorteneed

40
Q

u wave seen in

A

hypukalemia and bradycardia

41
Q

what disease causes third degree complete block?

A

lyme disease

42
Q

Afib causes

A

hypertension
CAD
mitral regurge

43
Q

Atrial natriuretic peptide acts via

A

cGMP

44
Q

anp act on which part of the kidney tubules?

A

renal collecting tubule

45
Q

Holiday heart syndrome

A

ingestion of high amounts of alcohol can lead to arrhythmias

46
Q

what is cushing reflex

A

Hypertension - bradycardia - resp depression
starts with increase in intracranial pressure –> cerebral vessel constrict –> cerebral ischemia –> PCO2 increase –> trigger the central sympathetic to increase perfusion pressure so byeshte8el el sympathetic –. increase stretch leads to actiivation of peripheral baroreceptors –> induced bradycardia

47
Q

PCWP is approximatly equal to ?

A

RAP ( 4-12) and LV DP ( diastolic pressure)

48
Q

In normal case . which is more in cappillary , filtration or absorption?

A

filtration more common w el ele bedal bedal bara bruh through lymph .

49
Q

what is the most important mechanism for temperature control ?

A

sympathetic stimulation

50
Q

kidney autoregulation

A

myogenic and tubuloglomerular feedback

51
Q

what affects skeletal muscle local metabolites

A

CHALK
co2
h plus - adenosis - lactate - K plus

52
Q

Supra-ventricular have QRS that are ?

eza balashet men tahet el AV node keef bekuno el QRS

A

SVT : narrow

tahet el AV node : wide

53
Q

Myofibril relaxation happens after ??

Hypereosinophilia of MI

A

30 mins

4 hours

54
Q

when do we say that something is a cardiomyopathy

A

it is when there is a primary dysfunction to the heart tisssue.
y3ni hypertension, CAD , ischemic heart disease hole manon cardiomyopathies. le2ano changes are 2nd to shi 3am besir

STEP1 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions