PATH - Paraneoplastic syndromes Flashcards
Acanthosis nigricans
Cutaneous
Hyperpigmented velvety plaques in axilla and neck
- Gastric adenocarcinoma
- visceral malignancies (but more commonly associated with obesity and insulin resistance)
Sign of Leser-Trélat
Cutaneous
Sudden onset of multiple seborrheic keratoses
- GI adenocarcinomas
- visceral malignancies
Hypercalcemia
Endocrine
*PTHrP
- Squamous cell carcinomas of lung, head, and neck
- renal, bladder, breast, and ovarian carcinomas
*INC 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D3 (calcitriol)
Lymphoma
Cushing syndrome
Endocrine
INC ACTH
*Small cell lung cancer
Hyponatremia (SIADH)
Endocrine
INC ADH
*Small cell lung cancer
Polycythemia
Hematologic
INC Erythropoietin
- Renal cell carcinoma
- hepatocellular carcinoma
- hemangioblastoma
- pheochromocytoma
- leiomyoma
Pure red cell aplasia
Hematologic
Anemia with low reticulocytes
*Thymoma
Good syndrome
Hematologic
Hypogammaglobulinemia
*Thymoma
Trousseau syndrome
Hematologic
Migratory superficial thrombophlebitis
*Adenocarcinomas, especially pancreatic
Nonbacterial thrombotic (marantic) endocarditis
Hematologic
Deposition of sterile platelet thrombi on heart valves
*Adenocarcinomas, especially pancreatic
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis
Neuromuscular
Psychiatric disturbance, memory deficits, seizures, dyskinesias, autonomic instability, language dysfunction
*Ovarian teratoma
Opsoclonus-myoclonus ataxia syndrome
Neuromuscular
“Dancing eyes, dancing feet”
- Neuroblastoma (children)
- small cell lung cancer (adults)
Paraneoplastic cerebellar
degeneration
Neuromuscular
Antibodies against *Hu, Yo, and Tr antigens in Purkinje cells
*Small cell lung cancer
*gynecologic and breast
cancers
*Hodgkin lymphoma
Paraneoplastic
encephalomyelitis
Neuromuscular
Antibodies against *Hu antigens in neurons
*Small cell lung cancer
Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome
Neuromuscular
Antibodies against *presynaptic (P/Q-type) Ca2+
channels at NMJ
*Small cell lung cancer
