Neoplasia Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Atrophy

A

Reactive cellular changes

DEC in tissue mass due to DEC in size and/or number of cells

Causes include disuse, denervation, loss of blood supply, loss of hormonal stimulation, poor nutrition.

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2
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Reactive cellular changes

INC in size of cells

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3
Q

Hyperplasia

A

Reactive cellular changes

INC in number of cells

May be a risk factor for future malignancy (eg, endometrial hyperplasia) but
*not considered premalignant.

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4
Q

Metaplasia

A

Reactive cellular changes

Replacement of one cell type by another

Usually due to exposure to an irritant, such as gastric acid or cigarette smoke

Reversible if the irritant is removed but may undergo malignant transformation with persistent insult (eg, Barrett esophagus–>esophageal adenocarcinoma).

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5
Q

Neoplasia

A

Preneoplastic and neoplastic cellular changes

Uncontrolled, clonal proliferation of cells

Can be benign or malignant

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6
Q

Dysplasia

A

Preneoplastic and neoplastic cellular changes

Disordered, non-neoplastic cell growth

Used only with *epithelial cells

Mild dysplasia is usually
reversible

severe dysplasia usually progresses to *carcinoma in situ.

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7
Q

Differentiation

A

Preneoplastic and neoplastic cellular changes

The degree to which a malignant tumor resembles its tissue of origin

Well-differentiated tumors
closely resemble their tissue of origin

poorly differentiated look almost nothing like their tissue of origin.

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8
Q

Anaplasia

A

Preneoplastic and neoplastic cellular changes

Complete lack of differentiation of cells in a malignant neoplasm

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