path case 6: acquired disorders of bone and cartilage

Question 1

what term refers to decreased bone mass

Answer 1

osteopenia

Question 2

what is osteoporosis considered radiographically

Answer 2

bone mass at least 2.5 standard deviations below mean peak bone mass in young adults

Question 3

radiographically, what is osteopenia defined as

Answer 3

1 to 2.5 standard deviations below the mean

Question 4

what are the most common forms of osteoporosis

Answer 4

senile and postmenopausal types

Question 5

what is the morphological hallmark of osteoporosis

Answer 5

histologically normal bone that is decrease in quantity

Question 6

define paget disease

Answer 6

disorder of increased, but disordered and structurally unsound, bone mass

Question 7

what is the average age of diagnosis for paget disease

Answer 7

70

Question 8

what mutation is common with paget disease

Answer 8

SQSTM1 gene mutation

Question 9

what is the morphological hallmark of paget disease

Answer 9

mosaic pattern of lamellar bone

Question 10

what are tickets and osteomalacia manifestations of

Answer 10

vitamin D deficiency or its abnormal metabolism

Question 11

what is the net result of the actions of PTH

Answer 11

elevation in serum calcium

Question 12

what 3 interrelated skeletal abnormalities does symptomatic untreated primary hyperparathyroidism manifests as

Answer 12

osteoporosis, brown tumors and osteitis fibrous cystica

Question 13

what is high turnover osteodystrophy characterized by

Answer 13

increased bone resorption and bone formation, with the former predominating

Question 14

what is low-turnover or aplastic disease manifested by

Answer 14

adynamic bone (little osteoclastic and osteoblastic activity) and less commonly, osteomalacia

Question 15

what is the definition of a fracture

Answer 15

loss of bone integrity due to mechanical injury and/or diminished bone strength

Question 16

what is responsible for the majority of gram-positive pyogenic osteomyelitis

Answer 16

staphylococcus aureus

Question 17

what is a small intraosseous abscess that frequently involves the cortex and is walled off by reactive bone (involved in osteomyelitis)

Answer 17

brodie abscess

Question 18

where does sclerosing osteomyelitis of garre typically develop

Answer 18

jaw

Question 19

what is syphilitic bone infection characterized by

Answer 19

edematous granulation tissue containing numerous plasma cells and necrotic bone