Path 8: Chemical mediators of inflammation Flashcards
Chemical mediators of inflammation how do we subtype our mediators?
Preformed mediators in secretory granules
-histamine
serotonin
lysosomal enzymes
Newly synthesized
-prostaglandings
leukotrienes
platelets
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Factor Xii (Hageman factor) activation
Complement activation
What are cell derived mediators?
Vasozactive amines
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Histamines are?
Vasoactive
inPREFORMED state MAST CELLS, basophils and platelets in cytoplasmic granules
Released in response:
-physical injury
-immune reactions
-presence of complement fragments C3a and C5a
Actions:
-DILATION of arterioles
-increase VASCULAR PERMEABILITY of venules
Seratonin
fromed in PLATELETS
same inflammation reaction as histamine
Arachidonic acid metabolites
Products:
-EICOSANOIDS
Two primary classes:
PROSTAGLANDENINS
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What are the big deal about this chart?
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email Dr.cecere about this
Prostaglandins are produced by what?
Cyclooxygenases
-COX 1-constitutively expressed
-COX2 -inducible
Lipoxygenase produce what?
LEukortienes
lipoxins
-lipoximis INHIBIOTRY
Liver
Atrophy
nodules
-regenerative
Disease: Sepatic Cirrhosis
Nitric oxide
produced by ENDOTHELIAL CELLS
synthesized: nitrix oxide synthase
functions in inflammation
-vasodilation
inhibits cellular inflamm response
–reduces platelet aggregation and adhesion
–inhibits leukocyte recruitment
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What can CO synthase come from?
ENDOTHELIAL CELLS NOS
inducible NOS comes from macrophages
Cytokines mediators
polypeptides produced primarily by MACROPHAGES AND LYMPHOCYTES
action is modulation of activities of other cells
involved in acute
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What is inflammatory stimuli?
micorbial products
other cytokines
toxins
Activation of macrophages moves to what and what effects does this have?
TNF/ IL-1
-Local effects
-Systemic effects
Local effects include was and what do they do?
Systemic effects include are and what do they do?
Plasma protein mediators Complement and what is it’s purpose
DEFENSE AGAINST MICROBES
-formation of MAC
activation causes:
-increase vascular permeability
-chemotaxis
-opsonization
Main components are present as inactive plasma precursors (C1-9)
Whats the big deal with this chart?
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What does Anaphylatoxins include?
C3a
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What is this and whats the big deal?
Protein losing nephropathy
Complement in bowman capsule in the base membrane of the glomerulus making it unable to work and causing leakage
