Past perfect (PFC) Flashcards
Past perfect rules.
For what is past perfect used?
When we talk about a period in the past that happend before another period.
Past perfect rules
Which forms are possible if the time sequence is clear?
I got to work after Simon arrived / had arrived.
When we for e.g. use after.
I got to work after Simon arrived / had arrived.
Past perfect rules
Which (3) words are used to understand the past sequence?
When I arrived, they had already started.
already, as soon as or until.
When I arrived, they had already started.
Past perfect rules
Can we use a definite time with past perfect?
Yes, unlike present perfect.
I arrived at nine o’clock but he had got there at eight.
Past perfect rules
When we use past perfect with before, what is the meaning?
The waiter took my plate away before I had finished eating.
When we use before, the verb in past simple can refer to something that takes place before the verb in Past perfect.
The waiter **took **my plate away before I had finished eating.
Past perfect rules
What kind of reported verbs we use to talk about plans that have not yet been fulfilled.
I had hoped to talk to him but he was too busy.
Reporting verbs like hope, intend, expect, ….
I had hoped to talk to him but he was too busy.
Past perfect
I … to work after Simon …. …. / ….
get / arrive
I got to work after Simon had arrived / arrived
Past perfect
Mary ……………. the book ………….. she …………. a film.
before / read / watch
Mary had read the book before she watched a film.
Past perfect
The match ……. when I ……
arrive / start
The match had started when I arrived.
Past perfect
The match …. …. he ……
start / arrive / when
The match had started when he arrived.
Past perfect
She ……….. milk …….. the store …….
buy / close / before
She had bought milk before the store closed.
Past perfect
….. she ….. bought milk, we ……… able to cook.
If / have
If she had bought milk, we would have been able to cook.
Past perfect
Mary ……. me Tony’s address before she …….
Mary had given me Tony’s address before she left.
Past perfect
…… we reached the station we …….. that we…….. our way.
lose, see, before
Before we reached the station we saw that we had lost our way.
Past perfect
They …… a shower ……. they …….. the game.
take / after / finish
They took a shower after they had finished the game.
Past perfect
The sun shone ……. …….. it ………… cold for many weeks.
yesterday, after
The sun shone yesterday after it had been cold for many weeks.
Past perfect
……. the police …….. the thief, he ……….. two more watches.
catch / steal / before
Before the police caught the thief, he had stolen two more watches.
Past perfect
It was a firm that I …… of.
never / hear
It was a firm that I had never heard of.
Past perfect
Martin ….. me that he ……. in London.
be / tell
Martin told me that he had been in London.
Past perfect
I ….. great ….. I …… the exam.
after / feel / pass
I felt great after I had passed the exam.
Past perfect
It …. Freddy ………. ……… the room.
clean / who / be
It was Freddy who had cleaned the room.
Past perfect
I …. at nine o’clock but he …. …. there at eight.
I arrived at nine o’clock but he had got there at eight.
Past perfect
She …… the house at eleven o’clock in the evening but he had …… it at ten.
She entered the house at eleven o’clock in the evening but he had entered it at ten.
Past perfect
We …. …. the train …. ….
leave, before, arrive
We had arrived before the train left.
Past perfect
The party ….. ….. until Sue …. …..
start, can, arrive
The party couldn’t start until Sue had arrived.
Past perfect
They …… a foreign holiday ….. this summer.
have / until
They hadn’t had a foreign holiday until this summer.
Past perfect
….. I ……. the office, Emma …. …..left.
already, when, have, leave, phone
When I phoned the office, Emma had already left.
Past perfect
….. we …….. the washing-up, we …… TV.
do / watch / when
When we’d done the washing-up, we watched TV.
Past perfect
I …. to talk to him but he …. too busy.
be / hope (unfulfilled plans)
I had hoped to talk to him but he was too busy.
Past perfect
She ……. that I ….. marry her.
will / hope (unfulfilled plans)
She had hoped that I would marry her.
Past perfect
I ……. of ……. him but …… against it.
phone / think / decide / (unfulfilled plans)
I had thought of phoning him but decided against it.
Past perfect
I …… of ……. him but …… against it.
decide / think / phone (unfulfilled plans)
I had thought of phoning him but decided against it.
Past perfect
I …… I …….to my mother’s ……. (but I did not listen)
wish / advice / listen (unfulfilled wish)
I wish I had listened to my mother’s advice. (but I did not listen)
Past perfect
If …… he …… not ……. his …… (but he wasted)
only / have / time / waste (unfulfilled wish)
If only he had not wasted his time. (but he wasted)
