Past perfect (PFC)

Question 1

Past perfect rules.

For what is past perfect used?

Answer 1

When we talk about a period in the past that happend before another period.

Question 2

Past perfect rules

Which forms are possible if the time sequence is clear?

I got to work after Simon arrived / had arrived.

Answer 2

When we for e.g. use after.

I got to work after Simon arrived / had arrived.

Question 3

Past perfect rules

Which (3) words are used to understand the past sequence?

When I arrived, they had already started.

Answer 3

already, as soon as or until.

When I arrived, they had already started.

Question 4

Past perfect rules

Can we use a definite time with past perfect?

Answer 4

Yes, unlike present perfect.

I arrived at nine o’clock but he had got there at eight.

Question 5

Past perfect rules

When we use past perfect with before, what is the meaning?

The waiter took my plate away before I had finished eating.

Answer 5

When we use before, the verb in past simple can refer to something that takes place before the verb in Past perfect.

The waiter **took **my plate away before I had finished eating.

Question 6

Past perfect rules

What kind of reported verbs we use to talk about plans that have not yet been fulfilled.

I had hoped to talk to him but he was too busy.

Answer 6

Reporting verbs like hope, intend, expect, ….

I had hoped to talk to him but he was too busy.

Question 7

Past perfect

I … to work after Simon …. …. / ….

get / arrive

Answer 7

I got to work after Simon had arrived / arrived

Question 8

Past perfect

Mary ……………. the book ………….. she …………. a film.

before / read / watch

Answer 8

Mary had read the book before she watched a film.

Question 9

Past perfect

The match ……. when I ……

arrive / start

Answer 9

The match had started when I arrived.

Question 10

Past perfect

The match …. …. he ……

start / arrive / when

Answer 10

The match had started when he arrived.

Question 11

Past perfect

She ……….. milk …….. the store …….

buy / close / before

Answer 11

She had bought milk before the store closed.

Question 12

Past perfect

….. she ….. bought milk, we ……… able to cook.

If / have

Answer 12

If she had bought milk, we would have been able to cook.

Question 13

Past perfect

Mary ……. me Tony’s address before she …….

Answer 13

Mary had given me Tony’s address before she left.

Question 14

Past perfect

…… we reached the station we …….. that we…….. our way.

lose, see, before

Answer 14

Before we reached the station we saw that we had lost our way.

Question 15

Past perfect

They …… a shower ……. they …….. the game.

take / after / finish

Answer 15

They took a shower after they had finished the game.

Question 16

Past perfect

The sun shone ……. …….. it ………… cold for many weeks.

yesterday, after

Answer 16

The sun shone yesterday after it had been cold for many weeks.

Question 17

Past perfect

……. the police …….. the thief, he ……….. two more watches.

catch / steal / before

Answer 17

Before the police caught the thief, he had stolen two more watches.

Question 18

Past perfect

It was a firm that I …… of.

never / hear

Answer 18

It was a firm that I had never heard of.

Question 19

Past perfect

Martin ….. me that he ……. in London.

be / tell

Answer 19

Martin told me that he had been in London.

Question 20

Past perfect

I ….. great ….. I …… the exam.

after / feel / pass

Answer 20

I felt great after I had passed the exam.

Question 21

Past perfect

It …. Freddy ………. ……… the room.

clean / who / be

Answer 21

It was Freddy who had cleaned the room.

Question 22

Past perfect

I …. at nine o’clock but he …. …. there at eight.

Answer 22

I arrived at nine o’clock but he had got there at eight.

Question 23

Past perfect

She …… the house at eleven o’clock in the evening but he had …… it at ten.

Answer 23

She entered the house at eleven o’clock in the evening but he had entered it at ten.

Question 24

Past perfect

We …. …. the train …. ….

leave, before, arrive

Answer 24

We had arrived before the train left.

Question 25

Past perfect

The party ….. ….. until Sue …. …..

start, can, arrive

Answer 25

The party couldn’t start until Sue had arrived.

Question 26

Past perfect

They …… a foreign holiday ….. this summer.

have / until

Answer 26

They hadn’t had a foreign holiday until this summer.

Question 27

Past perfect

….. I ……. the office, Emma …. …..left.

already, when, have, leave, phone

Answer 27

When I phoned the office, Emma had already left.

Question 28

Past perfect

….. we …….. the washing-up, we …… TV.

do / watch / when

Answer 28

When we’d done the washing-up, we watched TV.

Question 29

Past perfect

I …. to talk to him but he …. too busy.

be / hope (unfulfilled plans)

Answer 29

I had hoped to talk to him but he was too busy.

Question 30

Past perfect

She ……. that I ….. marry her.

will / hope (unfulfilled plans)

Answer 30

She had hoped that I would marry her.

Question 31

Past perfect

I ……. of ……. him but …… against it.

phone / think / decide / (unfulfilled plans)

Answer 31

I had thought of phoning him but decided against it.

Question 32

Past perfect

I …… of ……. him but …… against it.

decide / think / phone (unfulfilled plans)

Answer 32

I had thought of phoning him but decided against it.

Question 33

Past perfect

I …… I …….to my mother’s ……. (but I did not listen)

wish / advice / listen (unfulfilled wish)

Answer 33

I wish I had listened to my mother’s advice. (but I did not listen)

Question 34

Past perfect

If …… he …… not ……. his …… (but he wasted)

only / have / time / waste (unfulfilled wish)

Answer 34

If only he had not wasted his time. (but he wasted)