Pass Med Q's Flashcards
how is the influenza vaccine given to children
intranasally
- this is a live vaccine
what type of vaccine is the IM influenza vaccine given to adults
inactivated vaccine
what metabolic problems can legionella cause
hyponatraemia
deranged LFTs
what metabolic abnormality is associated with cholera
hypoglycaemia
what is red man syndrome
redness, pruritis, burning sensation typically in upper body associated with rapid infusion of vancomycin
management of red man syndrome
stop transfusion and recommence at a slower rate once symptoms have resolved
- iv fluids if associated hypotension
- antihistamines given in more severe cases
what vaccines should not be given to immunosuppressed patients
those which are live-attenuated:
- BCG
- MMR
- polio
- typhoid
- yellow fever
examples of inactivated vaccines
rabies
hep A
IM influenza
examples of toxoid vaccines
diptheria
pertussis
tetanus
what antibiotic can cause a black hairy tongue as a side effect
doxycycline
what antibiotic is given for human/animal bites
co-amoxiclav
doxycycline + metronidazole if allergic
management of pregnant lady who develops herpes simplex infection >28 weeks gestation
elective C section
oral aciclovir 400mg 3xdaily until delivery
complications of mycoplasma pneumonia
erythema multiforme
cold autoimmune haemolysis
atypical lymphocytes
infectious mononucleosis
triad of symptoms in infectious mononucleosis
sore throat, fever, lymphadenopathy
management of pregnant woman with asymptomatic bacteruria
commence antibiotics for 7 days
- nitrofurantoin 1st trimester
- trimethoprim 3rd trimester
why is nitrofurantoin avoided in 3rd trimester of pregnancy
linked with haemolytic anaemia of the newborn
painful penile ulcer with ragged edge
unilateral painful lymphadenopathy
chancroid
bilateral conjunctivitis, bilateral calf pain, high fevers
- what infectious disease ?
leptospirosis
how is leptospirosis spread
contact with urine of infected rodents
e.g. more common in sewage workers / farmers
tx leptospirosis
high dose benzylpenicillin / doxycycline
management of pregnant woman <20 weeks gestation exposed to parvovirus B19 (“Slapped cheek”)
check maternal IgM and IgG
- risk of hydrops fetalis
do children need to be kept off school if they have slapped cheek rash
no they are no longer infectious once the rash has appeared
tx of syphilis
benzathine penicillin
what types of HPV cause genital warts
HPV 6 + 11
white streaky plaque on side of tongue that cannot be scraped off
hairy leukoplakia
- associated with EBV
- indicative of HIV — Test for HIV
what organism causes gas gangrene
clostridium perfringes
fever, blisters that burst to produce foul smelling discharge
gas gangrene
what can cause a false negative Mantoux test result
immunosuppression:
- sarcoidosis
- steroids
- AIDS
- lymphoma
what antibiotic is safe to prescribe for UTI whilst breastfeeding
trimethoprim
treatment of severe falciparum malaria
IV artesunate
treatment of bacterial vaginosis
oral metronidazole 5-7 days
fishy, grey, thin watery vaginal discharge
bacterial vaginosis
patches of hypopigmentation + sensory loss
leprosy
treatment of leprosy
rifampicin + dapsone + clofazimine
what blood test abnormalities might be seen in dengue fever
low platelet count
raised ALT
what routine vaccines do pregnant woman get
influenza + pertussis, diptheria, polio, tetanus
what organism are people susceptible to post splenectomy
H.Influenzae
Step.Pneumoniae
Meningococci
dysphagia + odynophagia in patient with HIV
oesophageal candidiasis
treatment of oesophageal candidiasis
Fluconazole + itraconazole
pea-green diarrhoea
typhoid
fagets sign
relative bradycardia
- Typhoid
most common organism found in central line infections
staph epidermidis
what treatment should patients +Ve for MRSA receive before surgery
nasal mupricocin + chlorhexidine for the skin
what causes necrotising fasciitis type 2?
how does It present?
strep. pyogenes
- acute onset
- painful erythematous lesions
- rapidly worsening cellulitis with pain out of keeping with physical features
ground glass hepatocytes on light microscopy
chronic hep B infection
triad of symptoms in Behcets disease
oral ulcers, genital ulcers, uveitis
- VTE also seen
clue cells on microscopy
bacterial vaginosis
strawberry cervix
trichomonas vaginalis
side effects of trimethoprim
myelosuppression
increased creatinine
hyperkalaemia
