Gastroenteritis Flashcards
most common viral causes
rotavirus
norovirus
how is E.coli spread
contact with infected faeces
undercooked minced beef e.g burgers
unwashed salad/water
presentation of E.Coli infection
bloody diarrhoea
cramps
vomiting
complication of E.Coli 0157 infection
haemolytic uraemia syndrome
most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis world wide
campylobacter
how is campylobacter spread
unpasteurised milk
undercooked poultry
untreated water
presentation of campylobacter infection
bloody diarrhoea
fever
vomiting
cramps
what antibiotic can be given in severe campylobacter infection
ciprofloxacin
how is bacillus cereus spread
reheating rice
presentation of bacillus cereus
watery diarrhoea + vomittng
why should antibiotics not be used in E.Coli infection
increases the risk of Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome
how long does it take to recover from bacillus cereus infection
will resolve within 24 hours
how is salmonella spread
poultry
eggs
how is shigella spread
faeces contaminated drinking water
swimming pools
how is staph aureus spread
meat
how is Yersinia spread
undercooked pork
who does Yersinia most commonly affect? how does it present?
children
- diarrhoea, abdo pain, fever, lymphadenopathy
what condition can Yersinia mimic in adults
appendicitis
- causes right sided abdominal pain due to mesenteric lymphadenitis
how is listeria spread
soft cheese
pates
how is clostridium perfringes spread
reheated meat
what antibiotic can be used to treat clostridium perfringes
benzypenicillin + metronidazole
how is cholera spread
contaminated dirty water
‘rice water stools’
- infection with what organism?
Cholera
what antibiotics increase risk of C.Diff
cephalosporins
ciprofloxacin
clindamycin
treatment of mild C.Diff
oral metronidazole 400mg 3xa day for 10 days
treatment of severe C.Diff
IV vancomycin + metronidazole 10 days
symptoms of bloating, explosive diarrhoea, offensive gas in a traveller may suggest infection by what organism?
Giardia
treatment of Giardia
metronidazole
most common viral cause of diarrhoea in adults
norovirus
most common cause of viral diarrhoea in children
rotavirus
investigation for causative organism in diarrhoea
microscopy, culture and sensitivities
