Gastroenteritis Flashcards

1
Q

most common viral causes

A

rotavirus

norovirus

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2
Q

how is E.coli spread

A

contact with infected faeces
undercooked minced beef e.g burgers
unwashed salad/water

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3
Q

presentation of E.Coli infection

A

bloody diarrhoea
cramps
vomiting

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4
Q

complication of E.Coli 0157 infection

A

haemolytic uraemia syndrome

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5
Q

most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis world wide

A

campylobacter

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6
Q

how is campylobacter spread

A

unpasteurised milk
undercooked poultry
untreated water

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7
Q

presentation of campylobacter infection

A

bloody diarrhoea
fever
vomiting
cramps

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8
Q

what antibiotic can be given in severe campylobacter infection

A

ciprofloxacin

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9
Q

how is bacillus cereus spread

A

reheating rice

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10
Q

presentation of bacillus cereus

A

watery diarrhoea + vomittng

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11
Q

why should antibiotics not be used in E.Coli infection

A

increases the risk of Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome

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12
Q

how long does it take to recover from bacillus cereus infection

A

will resolve within 24 hours

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13
Q

how is salmonella spread

A

poultry

eggs

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14
Q

how is shigella spread

A

faeces contaminated drinking water

swimming pools

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15
Q

how is staph aureus spread

A

meat

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16
Q

how is Yersinia spread

A

undercooked pork

17
Q

who does Yersinia most commonly affect? how does it present?

A

children

- diarrhoea, abdo pain, fever, lymphadenopathy

18
Q

what condition can Yersinia mimic in adults

A

appendicitis

- causes right sided abdominal pain due to mesenteric lymphadenitis

19
Q

how is listeria spread

A

soft cheese

pates

20
Q

how is clostridium perfringes spread

A

reheated meat

21
Q

what antibiotic can be used to treat clostridium perfringes

A

benzypenicillin + metronidazole

22
Q

how is cholera spread

A

contaminated dirty water

23
Q

‘rice water stools’

- infection with what organism?

24
Q

what antibiotics increase risk of C.Diff

A

cephalosporins
ciprofloxacin
clindamycin

25
treatment of mild C.Diff
oral metronidazole 400mg 3xa day for 10 days
26
treatment of severe C.Diff
IV vancomycin + metronidazole 10 days
27
symptoms of bloating, explosive diarrhoea, offensive gas in a traveller may suggest infection by what organism?
Giardia
28
treatment of Giardia
metronidazole
29
most common viral cause of diarrhoea in adults
norovirus
30
most common cause of viral diarrhoea in children
rotavirus
31
investigation for causative organism in diarrhoea
microscopy, culture and sensitivities