Parts of the Brain Flashcards
basic parts of the brain
gray matter
white matter
hindbrain
forebrain
breakdown of the nervous system
macroscopically
microscopically
macroscopically
gray and white matter
microscopically
neurons
glia
where is gray matter in the spinal cord
more inner
inside
where is white matter in the spinal cord
more out
outsider
where is gray matter in the brain
outter
outside
where is white matter in the brain
inner
inside
gray matter
aggregated cell bodies in CNS
1 cell body - nucleus
accumulations of grey matter in CNS
nuclei
if the contained cell bodies are fxnally related to each other
white matter
bundled axons
nerve fibers
what are bundled axon coated with
sheath of myelin
what is myelin
fatty substance
deposited around many axons as an insulating sheath
what does the presence of myelin allow
nerve impulses to occur more rapidly
myelinization
occurs initially in the fibers serving the primary sensory and motor fxns after birth
touches, vision, audition
2 major division of the brain
hindbrain
forebrain
hindbrain includes
cerebellum (balance)
pons and medulla (vital to survival)
forebrain includes
cortex
amygdala
hippocampus
thalamus (relay center)
hypothalmus
what part of the forebrain makes humans unique
cortex
cerebellum
extremely large area
millions of neurons
what is the cerebellum responsible for
coordination of movement
plays a role in learning
pons
important for sleep and dreaming
medulla
controls all vital fxns of the body including breathing and HR
thalamus
primary relay center of the brain
almost all sensory info passes through before going elsewhere
hypothalmus
regulates ANS
regulates hormones –> feeding, fighting, fleeing and sexual behavior
amygdala
responsible for many aspects of emotion
emotional learning
hippocampus
esp important for learning and memory
resolving conflict
cerebral cortex is primarily what matter
gray
what is deep w/in the cerebral cortex
groups of cell bodies
basal ganglia in the cerebrum
white matter connects the areas of gray matter
neocortex –> cerebral cortex
portion of the cortex that has evolved dramatically during evolution
only found in mammals
connector tissues
what does the cerebral cortex do
just about everything
many think the cortex is what makes humans the way they are
4 parts of the cortex
frontal lobe (front of the brain)
temporal lobe (side, the temples)
parietal lobe (middle portion)
occipital lobe (very back)
occipital lobe
concerned w/ many aspects of vision
where is the frontal lobe
front of the central sulcus
what does the frontal lobe do
concerned w/ reasoning, planning, parts of speech and movement, emotions and problem solving
what lobe do stroke really affect
frontal lobe
where is the temporal lobe
below the lateral fissure
what does the temporal lobe do
perception and recognition of auditory stimuli and memory
(hippocampus)
where is the parietal lobe
behind the central sulcus
what does the parietal lobe do
perception of stimuli related to touch, pressure, temp and pain
