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Intro to Neuro - Test 1 > Blood Brain Barrier - Lecture 3 > Flashcards

Blood Brain Barrier - Lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

how is the brain unique

A

sequesters itself behind a barrier

the blood brain barrier (BBB)

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2
Q

fxns of the BBB

A

protects the brain from “foreign” substances in the blood that may injure the brain

protects the brain from hormones and NTs in the rest of the body

maintains a constant environment for neurons and glia of the CNS

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3
Q

substances that are unaffected by BBB

A

fats and fat soluble molecules

respiratory gases

alcohol

nicotine

anesthesia

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4
Q

what is the BBB formed by

A

single layer of endothelial cells

line the inner surfaces of capillaries in the brain

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5
Q

brain capillary

A

tight junctions

reduced pinocytosis

no fenestra

astrocyte foot processes

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6
Q

general properties of BBB

A

large molecules do not pass through BBB easily

lipid soluble molecules rapidly cross the BBB into the brain

molecules that have a high electrical charge to them are slowed

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7
Q

the BBB is

A

selectively permeable

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8
Q

what is the BBB selectively permeable to

A

O2

Co2

glucose

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9
Q

what is BBB not permeable to

A

hydrogen ions

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10
Q

what does high CO2/low O2 produce

A

vasodilation

decrease resistance of BBB

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11
Q

injury or inflammation

A

decreases resistance of BBB

allows some antibiotics to be used for treatment

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12
Q

how do viruses bypass the BBB

A

attaching themselves to circulating immune cells

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13
Q

exception to the bacterial exclusion are diseases caused by

A

spirochetes

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14
Q

diseases caused by spirochetes

A

borrelia (lyme dz)

treponema pallidum (syphillis)

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15
Q

how do dzs caused by spirochetes breach BBB

A

physically tunneling through the blood vessel walls

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16
Q

5 basic mechanisms by which solute molecules move across memebranes

A

simple diffusion

facilitated diffusion

simple diffusion through an aqueous channel

active transport through a protein carrier

endocytosis

17
Q

what areas are not protected by the BBB

A

circumventricular organs (CVO) bordering on the 3rd and 4th ventricles

18
Q

circumventricular organs (CVO) bordering on the 3rd and 4th ventricles

A

parts of the hypothalamus - neurohypophysis

pineal gland

area postrema (vomiting center on the brain stem)

subfornical organ

19
Q

disruption of BBB caused by

A

trauma (mechanical, irradiation, chemical)

inflammation

ischemia/hemorrhage

tumor

demyelinating disease

neurodegeneration

certain metabolic and congenital disorders

epilepsy

Intro to Neuro - Test 1 (22 decks)

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