Brain During Development

Question 1

what are the last portions of the neural tube to close called

Answer 1

anterior and posterior neuropores

Question 2

when do the last portions of the neural tube close

Answer 2

end of the embryonic week

Question 3

what does the neural tube surround

Answer 3

fluid filled central cavity

Question 4

rostral end of the neural tube

Answer 4

larger and more irregular

gives rise to the brain

Question 5

closure of caudal neruopore

Answer 5

corresponds to the upper lumbar segments of the cord

Question 6

how does the brain develop

Answer 6

3 major brain divisions –> occur @ 3/4 week

secondary divisions –> @ 5th week

Question 7

3 major brain divisions during development

Answer 7

prosencephalon (forebrain)

mesencephalon (midbrain)

rhombencephalon (hindbrain)

Question 8

secondary divisions –> prosencephalon

Answer 8

telencephalon

diencephalon

Question 9

secondary divisions –> rhombencephalon

Answer 9

metencephalon

myelencephalon

Question 10

rhombencephalon –> myelencephalon –> mature brain?

Answer 10

medulla oblangata

Question 11

rhombencephalon –> metencephalon –> mature brain?

Answer 11

pons and cerebellum

Question 12

mesencephalon –> mature brain?

Answer 12

midbrain

Question 13

prosencephalon –> diencephalon –> mature brain?

Answer 13

thalamus

epithalamus

hypothalamus

subthalamus

Question 14

prosencephalon –> telencephalon–> mature brain?

Answer 14

cerebral hemispheres

corpus striatum

cerebral cortex

white matter

Question 15

slide 60

Answer 15

pic

Question 16

what do flexures do

Answer 16

accommodate the shape changes of the brain as it becomes round

Question 17

different flexures

Answer 17

cervical

mesencephalic

pontine

Question 18

cervical flexure

Answer 18

jxn of the rhombencephalon w/ the spinal cord

Question 19

mesencephalic flexure

Answer 19

level of the midbrain

Question 20

pontine flexure

Answer 20

in the metencephalon

Question 21

when do meninges first appear

Answer 21

4th week as single mesodermally derived primary meninx

Question 22

when do fluid-filled spaces appear

Answer 22

w/in the primary meninx

1 week later

giving rise to meninges

Question 23

layers of the meninges from inside out

Answer 23

pia mater –> arachnoid –> dura mater

Question 24

pia mater

Answer 24

closest to nervous tissue

Question 25

arachnoid

Answer 25

interposed b/w the pia and dura mater

spiderweb-like

Question 26

dura mater

Answer 26

lines the cranial cavity and the spinal canal

Question 27

what will permeate the CSF

Answer 27

ventricle lateral

Question 28

how does the ventricle lateral develop

Answer 28

neural tube will undergo changes and finally expend to form ventricle lateral

Question 29

CSF is produced by

Answer 29

plexus coroid

underlies certain part of the ventricle lateral wall

Question 30

how will CSF flow

Answer 30

through the ventricle system, spinal corda centre system and subarachnoid channel

Question 31

Holoprosencephaly (HPE)

Answer 31

congenital anomaly

incomplete development of the brain

Question 32

how much does the brain weigh at birth

Answer 32

400 g

Question 33

when is the most rapid growth of the brain

Answer 33

in utero

during 1st 20 prenatal weeks

Question 34

by age 3 the weight of the brain is

Answer 34

1200g

almost the weight of an adult brain

slow growth till age 18

Question 35

after age 50 the brain

Answer 35

slowly declines in brain size

Question 36

does size of the brain indicate intelligence

Answer 36

no

Question 37

when gender has a larger brain

Answer 37

male

Question 38

CNS is formed by

Answer 38

neural tube

Question 39

PNS is formed by

Answer 39

nueral crest

Question 40

what are the first cells to differentiate in the nervous system

Answer 40

neuros

communicating cells

Question 41

2nd cells to differentiate in the NS

Answer 41

neuroglia

supporting cells

Question 42

when are major divisions of the CNS present

Answer 42

4th week after fertilization

Question 43

when does the cerebellum appear

Answer 43

later

outgrowth of the brainstem (appears in 4th week of fertilization)