Parts Of A Cell

Question 0

What are all the cellular contents between the plasma membrane and the nucleus called?

Answer 0

Cytoplasm

Question 1

What is cell’s flexible outer surface called?

Answer 1

Plasma membrane

Question 2

What is another term for ‘intracellular fluid’?

Answer 2

Cytosol

Question 3

What are the little organs within the cytoplasm called?

Answer 3

Organelles

Question 4

What is the large organelle which houses most of the cell’s DNA called?

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

Describe the plasma membrane

Answer 5

A phospholipid bilayer with markers Like a fluid mosaic A selective barrier that regulates the flow of materials into and out of a cell.

Question 6

Which are the protein factories?

Answer 6

Ribosomes

Question 7

What can be rough or smooth

Answer 7

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

What makes the rough ER rough? I

Answer 8

Bubbles of ribosomes

Question 9

Which are the suicide sacks?

Answer 9

Lysosomes

Question 10

Which are the energy powerhouses?

Answer 10

Mitochondria

Question 11

What is the energy currency

Answer 11

ATP

Question 12

What bit of a cell do only plants have

Answer 12

Cell wall Fibre comes from when eating our greens

Question 13

What type of cell has no nucleus- the RNA/DNA is dispersed throughout cytoplasm

Answer 13

Prokaryotic

Question 14

Which type of cell has a complex cell wall

Answer 14

Prokaryotic

Question 15

Which type of cell has a nucleus

Answer 15

Eukaryotic

Question 16

Which type of cell has no organelles (except ribosomes)

Answer 16

Prokaryotic

Question 17

Which type of cell is always single Unicellular organism

Answer 17

Prokaryotic

Question 18

What is the ‘rats tail’ of a cell called

Answer 18

Flagellum

Question 19

Which organelle does respiration take place in

Answer 19

Mitochondria

Question 20

What is the function of the plasma membrane

Answer 20

Controls traffic in and out of cell

Question 21

Define the two layers of phospholipids

Answer 21

Hydrophilic, water loving, heads to the outside Hydrophobic, water hating, tails to the inside

Question 22

Where are the trans membrane proteins and describe their 3 functions

Answer 22

Span through the plasma membrane surrounded by the phospholipid bi-layer. Immunological identity (combined with carbohydrate molecules) Receptors for hormones etc Transport proteins

Question 23

Which is the only eukaryotic cell without a nucleus and why

Answer 23

Erythrocytes red blood cells More room for haemoglobin which carries oxygen Bendier so travels more easily

Question 24

What is at the edge of the nucleus?

Answer 24

Nuclear membrane

Question 25

What is at the centre of the nucleus Describe it

Answer 25

Nucleolus Spherical cluster of protein DNA and RNA. Visible when cell is not dividing

Question 26

Where are chromosomes found and what are they?

Answer 26

Found in a cell's nucleus Long threads of DNA Each made up of many genes

Question 27

What do DNA molecules carry?

Answer 27

The genetic code which determines the characteristics of a living organism.

Question 28

What is a gene

Answer 28

A section of DNA which codes for a specific protein Unit of heredity Can be copied and passed on to next gen

Question 29

What is the structure of DNA

Answer 29

double helix

Question 30

What are two types of markers in the cell membrane?

Answer 30

(transport) proteins Carbohydrate chains

Question 31

DNA is in the nucleus within strands of -

Answer 31

chromatin

Question 32

What do mitochondria produce with the help of oxygen

Answer 32

ATP

Question 33

What re the inner folds of the mitochondria called

Answer 33

Cristae

Question 34

which is the 2nd largest organelle

Answer 34

Mitochondria

Question 35

Which organelles make up 25% cell mass?

Answer 35

Ribosomes

Question 36

Describe two types of Ribosomes

Answer 36

stationary - embedded in rough ER mobile - injects proteins directly into cytoplasm

Question 37

Where does the Endoplasmic Reticulum stretch to and from

Answer 37

cell membrane to nucleus

Question 38

What does the rough ER do?

Answer 38

Ribosomes embedded synthesizes/transports proteins

Question 39

What does the smooth ER do?

Answer 39

Synthesises/transports lipids/steroid hormones breakdown toxins

Question 40

What is Krebs cycle?

Answer 40

Part of cellular respiration

Question 41

Where would you find the Golgi Apparatus?

Answer 41

Near the nucleus

Question 42

How are Glogi Apparatus composed?

Answer 42

Numerous membranous layers forming a sac

Question 43

What do Golgi A. do?

Answer 43

packages proteins from the ER

Question 44

Which is the packaging plant of the cell?

Answer 44

Golgi Apparatus

Question 45

Which are smaller - Vesicles or Vacuoles

Answer 45

Vesicles

Question 46

Describe the structure of Vesicles & Vacuoles

Answer 46

Membrane bound sacs containing a fluid solution

Question 47

Which are the pick up trucks of the cell moving things around?

Answer 47

Vesicles and Vacuoles

Question 48

What is the function of Vesicles/Vacuoles?

Answer 48

Storage, digestion, waste removal, transport. Move substances between structures within the cell AND in and out of the cell.

Question 49

Which is the special type of vesicle containing strong digestive enzymes?

Answer 49

Lysosomes

Question 50

What happens if a Lysosome ruptures?

Answer 50

Strong digestive enzyme will digest whole cell.

Question 51

What is the function of the lysosomes?

Answer 51

Digest what they can, spit out what they can't! Digestive plant for proteins, lipids and carbs transports digested material to cell membrane for removal

Question 52

Where are microtubules found?

Answer 52

Form Cytoskeleton Flagella Cilia assembled in the centrioles

Question 53

What are long, un-branched hollow tubes of protein?

Answer 53

Microtubules

Question 54

What support and shape the cell?

Answer 54

Microtubules

Question 55

Describe function of microtubules

Answer 55

support/shape cell aids movement of materials in/out of cell aids movement of cell as forms cilia & flagella Aids cell division/reproduction in Centrioles

Question 56

Which are the paired cylindrical organelles in the shape of an X?

Answer 56

Centrioles

Question 57

Where are centrioles found?

Answer 57

In the Centrisome near the nucleus

Question 58

What are centrioles made of?

Answer 58

microtubules

Question 59

How many sets of X shaped centralise are there in a cell?

Answer 59

9

Question 60

Which key process are the Centrioles involved in?

Answer 60

Cell division.

Question 61

2 main functions of plasma membrane

Answer 61

contain cell contents controls cellular traffic

Question 62

role of proteins in plasma membrane

Answer 62

transport immunological identity act as receptors