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physics > particles (p1) > Flashcards

particles (p1) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the equation for density?

A

density = mass ÷ volume

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2
Q

What is the unit for mass?

A

kilograms, kg

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3
Q

What is the unit for volume?

A

metres cubed, m³

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4
Q

What is the unit for density?

A

kilograms per metres cubed, kg/m³

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5
Q

What is the definition of mass?

A

the amount of substance that something contains

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5
Q

What is the definition of volume?

A

the amount of 3D space that something takes up

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6
Q

What is the definition of density?

A

the mass per volume of an object

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7
Q

How can you find the volume of a regular object?

A

Measure the length, width, and height, using a ruler
Calculate the volume by multiplying the length, width, and height together

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7
Q

How can you find the density of a regular object?

A

Measure the mass of the object using a balance
Measure the volume using a ruler
Calculate the density using density = mass/volume

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8
Q

How can you find the volume of an irregular object?

A

Measure the volume of water in a measuring cyclinder
Put the irregular object in the water
Measure the increase in volume using the measuring cyclinder
Find the difference in volume, which is the volume of the object

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9
Q

How can you find the density of an irregular object?

A

Measure the mass of the object using a balance Measure the volume of water using displacement of water
Calculate the density using density = mass/volume

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10
Q

How can you find the density of a liquid?

A

Measure the mass using a balance
Measure the volume of the liquid, using the measuring cylinder
Calculate the density using density = mass/volume

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11
Q

Describe the particle arrangement of a solid.

A

Regular structure
Particles are vibrating in fixed positions

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12
Q

Describe the particle arrangement of a liquid.

A

Irregular structure
Particles are moving over each other and able to flow

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13
Q

Describe the particle arrangement of a gas.

A

Large gaps between particles
Particles are moving quickly in random directions

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14
Q

Name the state changes.

A

Freezing, melting, evaporating (boiling), condensing, sublimating

15
Q

What is a physical change?

A

A change where the material recovers its original properties if the change is reversed

16
Q

What is freezing?

A

Liquid to solid

17
Q

What is melting?

A

Solid to liquid

18
Q

What is boiling?

A

Liquid to gas

19
Q

What is condensing?

A

Gas to liquid

20
Q

What is sublimating?

A

Gas to solid or solid to gas

21
Q

What is the unit for energy?

A

Joules, J

22
Q

What is internal energy?

A

Energy stored inside a system by the particles (atoms and molecules) that make up the system

23
Q

How we can find the total internal energy of a system?

A

Total internal energy = Kinetic energy of the particles + Potential energy of the particles

24
Q

How does heating change the internal energy of a system?

A

It increases the internal energy

25
Q

What is specific heat capacity?

A

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1ºC

26
Q

What is the unit for specific heat capacity?

A

J/kgºC

27
Q

What is specific latent heat?

A

the amount of energy required to change the state of 1 kg of the substance with no change in temperature

28
Q

What is the unit for specific latent heat?

A

J/kg

29
Q

What is the difference between specific heat capacity and specific latent heat?

A

Specific heat capacity relates to changes in 𝘁𝗲𝗺𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲
Specific latent heat relates to changes in 𝘀𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗲

30
Q

Which state changes use the latent heat of fusion?

A

Melting and freezing (state changes between solids and liquids)

31
Q

Which state changes use the latent heat of vaporisation?

A

Evaporating/boiling and condensing (state changes between liquids and gases)

32
Q

What happens to the temperature of an object when it changes state?

A

The temperature of an object stays the same during a state change

33
Q

What is the relationship between the temperature and pressure of a gas (at constant volume)?

A

Directly proportional: at a higher temperature a gas will exert a higher pressure

34
Q

When a gas increases in temperature, how will the motion of the particles change?

A

particles will move faster

physics (10 decks)

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