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physics > Applications of electricity > Flashcards

Applications of electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

function of a resistor

A

increases resistance of a circuit

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2
Q

function of a variable resistor

A

increases resistance of a circuit and and be changed

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3
Q

what is an ohmic conductor

A

current through an ohmic conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across the resistor. resistance remains constant as the current changes.

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4
Q

what does the current-potential difference graph for an ohmic conductor look like?

A

a straight line through (0,0)

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5
Q

what does the current-potential difference graph for a filament bulb look like

A

a curved line

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6
Q

function of a bulb

A

produces light radiation

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7
Q

what does the current-potential difference graph for a diode look like

A

a curved line that increases significantly after a certain potential difference

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8
Q

function of a diode

A

allows current to only flow in one direction

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9
Q

function of an led

A

allows current to only flow in one direction, and produces light radiation

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10
Q

what happens to the resistance of a thermistor when the temperature changes

A

resistance decreases as temp increases

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11
Q

function of a thermistor

A

increases resistance of a circuit depending on the temp of the surroundings

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12
Q

what happens to the resistance of a LDR when the light intensity changes

A

resistance decreases as light intensity increases

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13
Q

function of an LDR

A

increases resistance of a circuit depending on the brightness of the surroundings

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14
Q

how are thermistors used

A

in circuits as thermostats

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15
Q

how are LDR’s used

A

in circuits to switch on lights when it gets dark

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16
Q

4 examples of non-ohmic conductors

A

diodes
filament bulbs
LDRs
thermistors

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17
Q

what happens to the current through components connected in series?

A

same current through each component

18
Q

what happens to the total resistance through components connected in series?

A

total resistance of 2 components=sum of resistance of each component

19
Q

what happens to the potential dif across components connected in series

A

total potential dif of the power supply is shared between the components

20
Q

what happens to the current through components connected in parallel

A

current splits across the components

21
Q

what happens to the total resistance of components connected in parallel

A

total resistance of two resistors is less than the resistance of the small individual resistor

22
Q

what happens to the potential difference across components connected in parallel

A

the pd across each component is the same

23
Q

what colour is the neutral wire

A

blue

24
Q

what is the name of the blue wire in a plug

A

neutral

25
Q

what colour is the earth wire

A

green and yellow stripes

26
Q

what is the name of the green and yellow striped wire in a plug

A

earth

27
Q

what colour is the live wire

A

brown

28
Q

what is the name of the brown wire in a plug

A

live

29
Q

what is the purpose of the neutral wire

A

completes the circuit

30
Q

purpose of the live wire?

A

provides the alternating potential difference

31
Q

purpose of the earth wire?

A

protects the circuit, stops the appliance casing from becoming live

32
Q

what is the potential difference of a live wire

A

230V

33
Q

what is the national grid

A

a system of cables and transformers linking power stations to consumers

34
Q

what is the potential difference of mains electricity

A

230V

35
Q

what is the frequency of mains electricity

A

50Hz

36
Q

what type of current is mains electricity

A

alternating current

37
Q

what is direct current

A

current flows in one direction around a circuit due to a direct potential difference

38
Q

what is alternating current

A

current changes direction

39
Q

why does the national grid transmit electricity at very high potential differences

A

less energy is lost which makes it more efficient

40
Q

what happens at step-up transformers

A

potential difference increased

41
Q

what happens at step-down transformers

A

potential difference lowered

42
Q

why do we need step-down transformers

A

electricity has to be reduced to mains potential difference (230V) to be safe to use in homes.

physics (10 decks)

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