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physics > energy (p1) > Flashcards

energy (p1) Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the 8 energy stores

A

Kinetic, gravitational potential, elastic, thermal, chemical, nuclear, magnetic and electrostatic.

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2
Q

What is the unit for energy?

A

joules , J

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3
Q

What are the 4 energy transfers?

A

Mechanical, heating, radiation and electrical

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4
Q

Thermal: Is this an example of a store or a transfer?

A

store

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5
Q

Heating: Is this an example of a store or a transfer?

A

transfer

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6
Q

Electrical: Is this an example of a store or a transfer?

A

transfer

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7
Q

Electrostatic: Is this an example of a store or a transfer?

A

store

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8
Q

What type of energy is stored in moving objects?

A

kinetic

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9
Q

What type of energy is stored in objects that have been stretched or squashed?

A

elastic

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10
Q

What type of energy is stored in objects that have been lifted above ground?

A

Gravitational potential energy (GPE)

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11
Q

What type of energy is stored in batteries, food and drink?

A

chemical

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12
Q

What is the equation for gravitational potential energy?

A

GPE = mass x height x gravitational field strength

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13
Q

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

A

KE = 0.5 x mass x velocity²

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14
Q

What is the correct unit for mass?

A

Kilograms, kg

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15
Q

What is the correct unit for extension or height?

A

Metres, m

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16
Q

What is the conservation of energy law?

A

Energy can’t be created or destroyed, only transferred

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17
Q

What is a closed system?

A

A closed system is a collection of objects where neither energy nor matter can leave

18
Q

What are the equations for power?

A

Power = energy ÷ time
Power = work done ÷ time

19
Q

What is the definition of power?

A

Power is the rate of energy transfer or work done

20
Q

What is the unit for power?

A

watts , W

21
Q

What are the two ways to calculate efficiency?

A

1) Efficiency = useful energy output ÷ total energy input
2) Efficiency = useful power output ÷ total power input

22
Q

Can devices be 100 % efficient?

A

No. Energy is always wasted

23
Q

What is specific heat capacity?

A

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1ºC.

24
Q

What are the main energy resources available for use on Earth?

A

Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas); nuclear fuel; biofuel; wind; water (hydroelectric, waves, tides); solar; geothermal

25
Q

What is the definition for a renewable resource?

A

A resource that can be replenished as it is being used up

26
Q

What is the definition for a non-renewable resource?

A

A resource that is not replenished as it is used up

27
Q

Fossil fuels: Is this an example of a renewable or non-renewable resource?

A

non renewable

27
Q

Which energy resources are non-renewable?

A

Fossil fuels and nuclear fuels

28
Q

Nuclear: Is this an example of a renewable or non-renewable resource?

A

Non-renewable

29
Q

Hydroelectric power: Is this an example of a renewable or non-renewable resource?

A

renewable

30
Q

Solar: Is this an example of a renewable or non-renewable resource?

A

renewable

31
Q

Wind: Is this an example of a renewable or non-renewable resource?

A

renewable

32
Q

Geothermal: Is this an example of a renewable or non-renewable resource?

A

renewable

33
Q

Which energy resource generates the most power?

A

nuclear fuels

34
Q

Which energy resources are unreliable due to weather?

A

wind and solar

35
Q

Which non-renewable energy resource produces carbon dioxide?

A

fossil fuels

36
Q

What environmental issues are caused by fossil fuels?

A

Fossil fuels: produce CO₂ which causes global warming

37
Q

What environmental issues are caused by biofuels?

A

Biofuels: also produce CO₂ when burnt (but this can be off-set by planting more)

38
Q

What environmental issues are caused by hydroelectric power?

A

Hydroelectric: reservoirs require the flooding of large areas of land

39
Q

What environmental issues are caused by solar power?

A

Solar: large area of ground are covered (cannot be used for crops)

40
Q

What environmental issues are caused by wind and tidal power generators?

A

Wind, tidal: can affect the habitats they are in

41
Q

Is energy always conserved (in a closed system)?

A

yes

physics (10 decks)

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