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Physics > Particle Model (paper2) > Flashcards

Particle Model (paper2) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is sublimation

A

When a solid goes straight to a gas

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2
Q

What is the kinetic theory

A

Where everything is made up of particles

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3
Q

Why can solids not be compressed

A

The particles are free to vibrate but not move

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4
Q

Why are liquids not in a fixed position

A

The particles are moving faster so the weaker forces of attraction can’t keep them in a fixed position

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5
Q

Why can’t liquids be compressed

A

As the particles are still very close

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6
Q

What happens to the mass during a change of state

A

It is conserved as the number of particles stays the same

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7
Q

Out of physical and chemical changes, which cannot be reversed

A

Chemical changes

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8
Q

What is density

A

The mass of a certain volume of that substance

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9
Q

When are most substances most dense

A

When a solid, and least when a gas

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10
Q

Why are solids usually denser

A

The particles are closer together

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11
Q

When a solid stores more thermal energy how does its particles react

A

They vibrate more

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12
Q

What is temperature

A

The measurement of the vibration of particles

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13
Q

The amount of thermal energy stored depends on three things

A

Mass
Temp
Material

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14
Q

What is the specific heat capacity of a material

A

Th amount of energy it takes to increase 1kg of that material by 1 degree

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15
Q

What do the flat parts of heating graphs show

A

That heat is still being applied but the extra energy is being used to overcome bonds

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16
Q

What is specific latent heat

A

The amount of energy needed to change state of 1kg of a substance

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17
Q

What energy is given out when something freezes or condenses

A

The same as the specific latent heat

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18
Q

What is the temp of a gas a measure of

A

Its average kinetic energy

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19
Q

Heating a gas increases what

A

It’s kinetic energy, so the particles move faster and the temp rises

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20
Q

What is the pressure of a gas due to

A

Forces on the walls of its container caused by the moving particles hitting the walls

21
Q

The faster the particles are moving, the what

A

The more frequent the collisions will be and the higher the force they exert when they collide

22
Q

What is the units of pressure

A

Pascals

23
Q

What is absolute zero

A

Minus 273

24
Q

What would happen to a gas if it could be made absolute zero

A

It’s pressure would be 0 and it’s particles wouldn’t be moving

25
Q

What is a scale that measure temp relative to absolute zero

A

The kelvin temp scale

26
Q

How to you convert from kelvin to degrees

A

Minus 273

27
Q

The average kinetic energy of a gas is directly proportional to what

A

The kelvin temperature of the gas

28
Q

What is the effect if gas particles hitting a surface

A

It’s causes an overall net force on the surface

29
Q

Inside a container, what degrees do gas particles hit the surface at

A

90°

30
Q

How many forces does it take bend, stretch or compress an object

A

More than one

31
Q

Define elastic

A

Once forces are removed it can move back to its original shape

32
Q

What does inelastic mean

A

It will keep its new shape once forces are removed

33
Q

Can objects be both inelastic and elastic

A

Yes if the forces are small enough they are elastic but if the forces are too big it can become inelastic

34
Q

Name a material that can be both

A

Metals eg springs

35
Q

What is the extension of a spring

A

The change in length when forces are applied

36
Q

For a metal spring, what is the relationship between force and length

A

Linear

37
Q

When does the relationship become non linear

A

When the spring is stretched too far

38
Q

Name another object that has a non linear relationship

A

Rubber bands

39
Q

What is the spring constant

A

The force needed to produce the extension of one metre in a spring

40
Q

What is work done

A

Energy transferred when a force moves through a distance

41
Q

What is pressure

A

The measure of the force on a unit of surface area when the force is normal

42
Q

What can pressure also be exerted by

A

Fluids like gas and liquids

43
Q

What is atmospheric pressure

A

The pressure on you from the air

44
Q

What does the pressure exerted by a fluid depend on

A

The depth of the fluid

45
Q

The deeper you are, the what

A

More weight of fluid to exert pressure on you

46
Q

What does pressure also depend on

A

The density

47
Q

Objects in a fluid have what force acting on them

A

Upthrust

48
Q

What is upthrust due to

A

The difference in pressure above and below the object

Physics (11 decks)

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