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Physics > Particle Model of Matter > Flashcards

Particle Model of Matter Flashcards

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AP® Physics flashcards Physics 101 flashcards
1
Q

________ = mass / volume

A

density

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2
Q

Density = _____ / volume

A

mass

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3
Q

Density = mass / _________

A

volume

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4
Q

Nabil wants to work out the density of a pebble. He has a displacement can and a beaker. What other piece of equipment will he need?

A

balance

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5
Q

To calculate the density of an object you must know two pieces of information. One thing you need to know is the volume of the object. You also need to know the __________ of the object.

A

mass

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6
Q

What is the name given to the change of state when a substance transfers directly from a solid to a gas?

A

sublimation

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7
Q

The internal energy is the total kinetic energy and __________ energy of all the particles that make up a system.

A

potential

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8
Q

If some of a liquid turns into a gas by evaporation, what happens to the temperature of the remaining liquid?

A

decreases

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9
Q

What is the name given to the change in state from liquid to gas?

A

boiling, evaporation

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10
Q

A substance boils when it changes from a __________ to a __________.

A

liquid to gas

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11
Q

If you keep heating a liquid, what happens to the energy of the particles in the liquid?

A

it increases

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12
Q

The intermolecular forces of attraction in a substance with a higher melting point are __________ _____ the intermolecular forces of attraction in a substance with a lower melting point.

A

stronger than

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13
Q

What is the name given to the change in state from solid to liquid?

A

melting

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14
Q

What is the unit of measurement for thermal energy?

A

Joules

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15
Q

A substance melts when it changes from a __________ to a __________.

A

solid to liquid

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16
Q

The __________ of an object is a measurement of how hot or cold it is, measured in degrees Celsius.

A

temperature

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17
Q

A sample of water was cooled and has changed state from liquid to solid. The __________ of the water when it was a liquid is the same as when it is a solid.

A

mass

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18
Q

What type of change is a change of state?

A

physical

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19
Q

The process in which a gas turns back into a liquid is called __________.

A

condensation

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20
Q

What is the name given to the change in state from liquid to solid?

A

freezing

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21
Q

Internal energy is the energy stored inside a system by the __________ that make up the system.

A

particles

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22
Q

internal energy

A

the energy stored inside a system by the particles that make up the system

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23
Q

A gas will turn back into a liquid faster if the temperature of the gas is… what?

A

decreased

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24
Q

A liquid turns into a gas faster if the size of the surface area of the liquid is… what?

A

increased

25
Q

what is specific latent heat of a substance?

A

amount of energy required to change the state of 1kg of the substance with no change in temperature

26
Q

amount of energy required to change the state of 1kg of the substance with no change in temperature

A

specific latent heat of a substance

27
Q

What is the unit for specific latent heat?

A

J/kg

28
Q

An ice cube is melting but does not change in temperature. Complete the gap to state the name given to the energy that is needed to melt 1kg of ice: latent ____ __ _______.

A

heat of fusion

29
Q

The energy needed to boil a liquid is known as the latent heat of… what?

A

vaporisation

30
Q

A pan of water is boiling but does not change in temperature. The energy that is needed to turn the water into a gas is called the latent _______ __ _____________.

A

heat of vaporisation

31
Q

_______ = specific latent heat × mass

A

energy

32
Q

Energy = __________ ______ ______ × mass

A

specific latent heat

33
Q

Energy = specific latent heat × _____

A

mass

34
Q

during a change in state, what does not change?

A

number of particles

35
Q

True or false? During a change of state the temperature of the substance does not change.

A

true

36
Q

True or false? Water has a high specific heat capacity. This means that a lot of energy is needed to change its temperature.

A

true

37
Q

True or false? When a change of state starts to occur, the energy supplied changes the temperature but not the internal energy.

A

false

38
Q

The energy needed for a substance to change state is called __________ heat.

A

latent

39
Q

The specific latent heat of __________ is the energy needed for a substance to change state from a liquid to a gas.

A

vaporisation

40
Q

If foods are cooked in oil instead of water, does it mean they can be cooked at higher or lower temperatures?

A

higher

41
Q

The energy needed to melt a solid is known as the latent heat of… what?

A

fusion

42
Q

The specific latent heat of __________ is the energy needed for a change of state from a solid to a liquid.

A

fusion

43
Q

If foods are cooked at higher temperatures what happens to the cooking time?

A

decreases

44
Q

True or false? Gas pressure is caused by molecules in a gas colliding with the walls of their container.

A

true

45
Q

A helium balloon’s temperature is raised by 1°C. Will this cause its molecules to move faster or slower?

A

faster

46
Q

What happens to the frequency of collisions between the particles in a gas and the container as the gas is warmed?

A

increases

47
Q

When a gas is heated, the speed of the particles __________.

A

increases

48
Q

What happens to the volume of a gas as it is heated?

A

increases

49
Q

The temperature of a gas is directly proportional to all of the following except…

A

number of molecules

50
Q

An equal amount of a gas is held in two identical containers. The temperature of container 1 is 15°C and the temperature of container 2 is 30°C. In which container will the pressure be lowest?

A

container 1

51
Q

As a gas is heated, the distance between the particles __________.

A

increases

52
Q

If the temperature of a gas is increased, what will happen to the average kinetic energy of its molecules?

A

it will increase

53
Q

The molecules of a gas are in constant random motion. This means they have __________ energy stored.

A

kinetic

54
Q

What happens to the density of a gas as it is heated if it is NOT kept in a closed container?

A

decreases

55
Q

The __________ of a gas is due to the force exerted on the walls of the container by the gas particles colliding with it.

A

pressure

56
Q

What happens to the speed of the particles in a gas as the gas is warmed?

A

increases

57
Q

what explains why the pressure in a car’s tyres was found to be higher after a long journey than it was at the start of the journey?

A

tires and road create friction which increases temperature of air inside tire

58
Q

True or false? One reason gases are easy to compress is because their particles have higher energy.

A

false

Physics (7 decks)

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