Particle Model of Matter Flashcards
________ = mass / volume
density
Density = _____ / volume
mass
Density = mass / _________
volume
Nabil wants to work out the density of a pebble. He has a displacement can and a beaker. What other piece of equipment will he need?
balance
To calculate the density of an object you must know two pieces of information. One thing you need to know is the volume of the object. You also need to know the __________ of the object.
mass
What is the name given to the change of state when a substance transfers directly from a solid to a gas?
sublimation
The internal energy is the total kinetic energy and __________ energy of all the particles that make up a system.
potential
If some of a liquid turns into a gas by evaporation, what happens to the temperature of the remaining liquid?
decreases
What is the name given to the change in state from liquid to gas?
boiling, evaporation
A substance boils when it changes from a __________ to a __________.
liquid to gas
If you keep heating a liquid, what happens to the energy of the particles in the liquid?
it increases
The intermolecular forces of attraction in a substance with a higher melting point are __________ _____ the intermolecular forces of attraction in a substance with a lower melting point.
stronger than
What is the name given to the change in state from solid to liquid?
melting
What is the unit of measurement for thermal energy?
Joules
A substance melts when it changes from a __________ to a __________.
solid to liquid
The __________ of an object is a measurement of how hot or cold it is, measured in degrees Celsius.
temperature
A sample of water was cooled and has changed state from liquid to solid. The __________ of the water when it was a liquid is the same as when it is a solid.
mass
What type of change is a change of state?
physical
The process in which a gas turns back into a liquid is called __________.
condensation
What is the name given to the change in state from liquid to solid?
freezing
Internal energy is the energy stored inside a system by the __________ that make up the system.
particles
internal energy
the energy stored inside a system by the particles that make up the system
A gas will turn back into a liquid faster if the temperature of the gas is… what?
decreased
A liquid turns into a gas faster if the size of the surface area of the liquid is… what?
increased
what is specific latent heat of a substance?
amount of energy required to change the state of 1kg of the substance with no change in temperature
amount of energy required to change the state of 1kg of the substance with no change in temperature
specific latent heat of a substance
What is the unit for specific latent heat?
J/kg
An ice cube is melting but does not change in temperature. Complete the gap to state the name given to the energy that is needed to melt 1kg of ice: latent ____ __ _______.
heat of fusion
The energy needed to boil a liquid is known as the latent heat of… what?
vaporisation
A pan of water is boiling but does not change in temperature. The energy that is needed to turn the water into a gas is called the latent _______ __ _____________.
heat of vaporisation
_______ = specific latent heat × mass
energy
Energy = __________ ______ ______ × mass
specific latent heat
Energy = specific latent heat × _____
mass
during a change in state, what does not change?
number of particles
True or false? During a change of state the temperature of the substance does not change.
true
True or false? Water has a high specific heat capacity. This means that a lot of energy is needed to change its temperature.
true
True or false? When a change of state starts to occur, the energy supplied changes the temperature but not the internal energy.
false
The energy needed for a substance to change state is called __________ heat.
latent
The specific latent heat of __________ is the energy needed for a substance to change state from a liquid to a gas.
vaporisation
If foods are cooked in oil instead of water, does it mean they can be cooked at higher or lower temperatures?
higher
The energy needed to melt a solid is known as the latent heat of… what?
fusion
The specific latent heat of __________ is the energy needed for a change of state from a solid to a liquid.
fusion
If foods are cooked at higher temperatures what happens to the cooking time?
decreases
True or false? Gas pressure is caused by molecules in a gas colliding with the walls of their container.
true
A helium balloon’s temperature is raised by 1°C. Will this cause its molecules to move faster or slower?
faster
What happens to the frequency of collisions between the particles in a gas and the container as the gas is warmed?
increases
When a gas is heated, the speed of the particles __________.
increases
What happens to the volume of a gas as it is heated?
increases
The temperature of a gas is directly proportional to all of the following except…
number of molecules
An equal amount of a gas is held in two identical containers. The temperature of container 1 is 15°C and the temperature of container 2 is 30°C. In which container will the pressure be lowest?
container 1
As a gas is heated, the distance between the particles __________.
increases
If the temperature of a gas is increased, what will happen to the average kinetic energy of its molecules?
it will increase
The molecules of a gas are in constant random motion. This means they have __________ energy stored.
kinetic
What happens to the density of a gas as it is heated if it is NOT kept in a closed container?
decreases
The __________ of a gas is due to the force exerted on the walls of the container by the gas particles colliding with it.
pressure
What happens to the speed of the particles in a gas as the gas is warmed?
increases
what explains why the pressure in a car’s tyres was found to be higher after a long journey than it was at the start of the journey?
tires and road create friction which increases temperature of air inside tire
True or false? One reason gases are easy to compress is because their particles have higher energy.
false
