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Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the component that changes its resistance as the temperature changes.

A

thermistor

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2
Q

Name the component used in electric circuits that is sensitive to temperature.

A

thermistor

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3
Q

_______ = power / potential difference

A

current

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4
Q

current = ______ / potential difference

A

power

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5
Q

current = power / __________ __________

A

potential difference

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6
Q

_______ = charge / time

A

current

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7
Q

current = ______ / time

A

charge

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8
Q

current = charge / ____

A

time

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9
Q

Electric current is a flow of electric __________.

A

charge

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10
Q

What units are used for the rate of flow of electric charge?

A

amps

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11
Q

A coulomb is a measure of… what?

A

charge

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12
Q

Which special component would you need to use in a thermostat so that it can respond to changes in temperature?

A

thermistor

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13
Q

what is the name given to two or more cells in series

A

battery

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14
Q

diodes only let current flow in ___ __________

A

one direction

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15
Q

_______ only let current flow in one direction

A

diodes

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16
Q

diodes only let ________ flow in one direction

A

current

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17
Q

An electric current flows when what move through a conductor?

A

charge

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18
Q

Name the component used in electric circuits that is sensitive to light

A

light dependent resistor

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19
Q

A ____ is made up of a thin wire designed to melt if too much current flows through it.

A

fuse

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20
Q

A fuse is made up of a ____ ____ designed to melt if too much current flows through it.

A

thin wire

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21
Q

A fuse is made up of a thin wire designed to ____ if too much current flows through it.

A

melt

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22
Q

A fuse is made up of a thin wire designed to melt if too much _______ flows through it.

A

current

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23
Q

Should an ammeter be connected in series or in parallel?

A

series

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24
Q

True or false? A current is present wherever there is a flow of electrical charge.

A

true

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25
Q

An LDR can be used in a circuit to provide an input to a logic gate. What does LDR stand for?

A

Light Dependent Resistor

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26
Q

Which special component would you use to detect the light levels in a circuit that switches lights on automatically when it gets dark?

A

Light Dependent Resistor (LDR)

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27
Q

What name is given to the rate of flow of electric charge?

A

current

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28
Q

_______ = potential difference / resistance

A

current

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29
Q

Current = potential difference / _________

A

resistance

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30
Q

Current = ____________ ____________ / resistance

A

potential difference

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31
Q

Voltage is another name for the __________ difference

A

potential

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32
Q

Karl measures the current through a resistor. What else will he need to measure in order to work out its resistance?

A

potential difference

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33
Q

Potential difference = _______ / charge

A

energy

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34
Q

Potential difference = energy / _______

A

charge

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35
Q

__________ __________ = energy / charge

A

potential difference

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36
Q

What name is given to the work done per coulomb of charge passing between two points?

A

potential difference (voltage)

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37
Q

For a given potential difference, a bigger resistance means a smaller __________ through a component.

A

current

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38
Q

True or false? Potential difference is measured in joules.

A

false

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39
Q

what is potential difference measured in?

A

volts (V)

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40
Q

Resistance is equal to the potential difference divided by what?

A

current

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41
Q

What is the relationship between the current through a resistor and the potential difference across it at constant temperature?

A

directly proportional

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42
Q

The resistance of a component can be found by measuring the potential difference across it and the __________ that travelled through it.

A

current

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43
Q

What units are used to measure resistance?

A

ohms (Ω)

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44
Q

A diode has a high resistance in the __________ direction.

A

reverse

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45
Q

At low temperatures, will a thermistor have a high or a low resistance?

A

high resistance

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46
Q

A diode is a device that has an extremely high __________ in one direction and a low __________ in the other.

A

resistance

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47
Q

At high temperatures is the current through a thermistor high or low?

A

high

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48
Q

LDRs are sometimes used in automatic lights that turn on when it gets dark outside. When it gets dark outside, the resistance of the LDR will be __________. What word completes the sentence?

A

high

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49
Q

What happens to the temperature of a filament when an electric current passes through it?

A

increases

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50
Q

Will the resistance of a filament lamp increase, decrease or stay the same if the temperature of its filament decreases?

A

decrease

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51
Q

What happens to the temperature of a resistor when electrical charge flows through it?

A

increases

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52
Q

Name the component that changes its resistance as the light intensity changes

A

light dependent resistor (LDR)

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53
Q

Name the type of component through which current only flows in one direction

A

diode

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54
Q

Use of LEDs for lighting is increasing because they use a much smaller __________ than other types of lighting

A

current

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55
Q

An LED is useful because when a current passes through it, it gives out… what?

A

light

56
Q

In bright light, will an LDR have a high or a low resistance?

A

low resistance

57
Q

Which electrical component is used for detecting light levels in digital cameras?

A

light dependent resistor (LDR)

58
Q

The current-potential difference graph for a resistor is a straight line as long as the __________ is constant

A

temperature

59
Q

Name the type of component that has a greater resistance as the current through it increases

A

filament bulb

60
Q

True or false? LEDs will only produce light if the current flows through them in the forward direction

A

true

61
Q

A diode has a very high __________ in one direction

A

resistance

62
Q

There is an increasing use of LEDs for lighting. What does LED stand for?

A

light emitting diode

63
Q

True or false? The current through a filament lamp is directly proportional to the potential difference across it.

A

false

64
Q

In the dark, is the current through an LDR higher or lower than in the light?

A

low

65
Q

Three 1.5V cells are connected in series in a circuit. What will happen to the current flowing through this circuit if one of the cells is removed?

A

decrease

66
Q

True or false? If two components are connected in series, the current through one component will always be the same as the current through the other.

A

true

67
Q

Three 1.5V cells are connected in series in a circuit. What is the total potential difference?

A

4.5V (1.5V + 1.5V + 1.5V)

68
Q

In a series circuit, the current is __________ at every point around the circuit

A

equal

69
Q

True or false? The potential difference across two components connected in series will always be the same

A

false

70
Q

True or false? The sum of the potential differences across the components in a series circuit is equal to the total potential difference across the supply

A

true

71
Q

Potential difference in a parallel circuit is the ____ across each branch

A

same

72
Q

Potential difference in a ________ circuit is the same across each branch

A

parallel

73
Q

___________ ___________ in a parallel circuit is the same across each branch

A

potential difference

74
Q

Which piece of equipment would you use to measure the current in a circuit?

A

ammeter

75
Q

In a circuit with two identical components connected in parallel, the current which flows through its different branches will be __________

A

the same

76
Q

True or false? The current through two components connected in parallel will always be equal

A

false

77
Q

You connect an ammeter to a circuit. The ammeter shows you that there are 5 amperes of __________ in the circuit.

A

current

78
Q

What colour is the neutral wire in a UK electric cable?

A

blue

79
Q

The Earth wire provides a ___________ to the ground to help prevent you from getting an electrical shock

A

connection

80
Q

The Earth wire provides a connection to the _______ to help prevent you from getting an electrical shock

A

ground

81
Q

The Earth wire provides a connection to the ground to help prevent you from getting an _________ ______

A

electrical shock

82
Q

The ________ wire is the earth wire

A

striped

83
Q

The striped wire is the ______ ____

A

earth wire

84
Q

earth wire is only used when __________ _____ _______

A

something goes wrong

85
Q

_____ _____ is only used when something goes wrong

A

earth wire

86
Q

UK Mains voltage is ____

A

230V

87
Q

__ _______ voltage is 230V

A

UK Mains

88
Q

UK Mains ________ is 230V

A

voltage

89
Q

potential difference between the brown wire and striped wire is ____

A

230V

90
Q

What colour is the live wire in a UK electric cable?

A

brown

91
Q

True or false? The period of an AC supply is equal to the time between an adjacent peak and trough on an oscilloscope trace.

A

false

92
Q

What is the voltage of the blue wire

A

0V (because it’s neutral)

93
Q

Should a two-core cable or a three-core cable be used for an electrical appliance made from metal?

A

three-core cable

94
Q

What is the frequency in hertz of the UK mains electricity supply?

A

50Hz

95
Q

What is the main electricity supply in the UK?

A

alternating current

96
Q

Below is an oscilloscope trace. What type of current produced it?

A

alternating current (AC)

97
Q

True or false? The period of an AC supply is the time taken for one complete oscillation

A

true

98
Q

An alternating current is one that is constantly changing __________

A

direction

99
Q

True or false? Cells and batteries supply current that always passes in the same direction

A

true

100
Q

A kettle is made from metal. If the live wire inside this kettle were to come loose and touch the metal casing, you could get an __________ __________ if you then touched the kettle

A

electric shock

101
Q

What type of current is supplied by cells and batteries?

A

direct current

102
Q

A high current in a faulty appliance will flow to earth through the earth wire because this wire has a very low… what?

A

resistance

103
Q

Electricity is sent through power lines at very high voltages in order to limit energy losses. True or false?

A

true

104
Q

______ = current2 × resistance

A

power

105
Q

Power = current2 × ___________

A

resistance

106
Q

Power = ___________ × resistance

A

current^2

107
Q

The ____________ ______ transfer electricity between power stations and consumers

A

transmission lines

108
Q

The transmission lines transfer ___________ between power stations and consumers.

A

electricity

109
Q

The transmission lines transfer electricity between ______ _________ and consumers

A

power stations

110
Q

When using the equation for power (P = E / t) what is time measured in?

A

seconds

111
Q

Cables that are used to transfer energy electrically will heat up. One disadvantage of this is something is lost from the cables in the form of heat. What is lost?

A

thermal energy

112
Q

For a given power, will increasing the voltage increase or decrease the current?

A

decrease

113
Q

The ________ is highest in the transmission lines, so that they can have a low current to reduce energy loss

A

voltage

114
Q

The voltage is highest in the ______________ _____ , so that they can have a low current to reduce energy loss

A

transmission lines

115
Q

The voltage is highest in the transmission lines, so that they can have a ___ _______ to reduce energy loss.

A

low current

116
Q

The voltage is highest in the transmission lines, so that they can have a low current to _______ ________ ____

A

reduce energy loss

117
Q

An electric drill has energy in its __________ energy store when it is rotating.

A

kinetic

118
Q

The power of an electrical appliance is a measure of how quickly it transfers… what?

A

energy

119
Q

Does a step-down transformer increase or decrease the voltage?

A

decrease

120
Q

Energy transferred electrically is measured in __________. What one word completes the sentence?

A

joules

121
Q

The consumer is who uses the electricity (_______)

A

houses

122
Q

The ___________ is who uses the electricity (houses)

A

consumer

123
Q

The consumer is who uses the __________ (houses)

A

electricity

124
Q

What is this formula used to calculate? I² × R

A

power

125
Q

True or false? A high current should be used when transmitting electricity so that less power will be lost

A

false

126
Q

If you want to find the amount of energy electrically transferred, multiply the charge by the… what?

A

potential difference

127
Q

You can find the power of an electrical appliance by measuring the energy it transfers in a certain… what?

A

time

128
Q

What name is given to the system that distributes electricity from power stations around the UK?

A

national grid

129
Q

Power lines are dangerous because they carry electricity with a very high current. True or false?

A

false

130
Q

For an amount of electrical charge that moves, the amount of energy transferred increases as the potential difference… what?

A

increases

131
Q

Is more or less heat produced if the current carried by a wire is increased?

A

more

132
Q

The main disadvantage of the high voltage used to distribute electricity around the UK is that it is… what?

A

dangerous

133
Q

Electricity can be distributed around the UK using overhead power lines or underground cables. Besides their being difficult to access, the main disadvantage of underground cables is that they are more __________

A

expensive

134
Q

Does a step-up transformer increase or decrease voltage?

A

increase

135
Q

Name the component used in electric circuits that is sensitive to light.

A

LDR

136
Q

What are the main disadvantages of underground cables?

A
  • difficult to access
  • expensive

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