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Gross III > Part III: Female Internal Genital Organs Pg 103-108 > Flashcards

Part III: Female Internal Genital Organs Pg 103-108 Flashcards

1
Q

distensible tube extending from uterine cervix to vestibule of vagina

A

Vagina

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2
Q

The cleft between Labia Minora

A

Vestibule of the vagina

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3
Q

The walls of the vagina are normally collapsed except where?

A

Superiorly where the cervix holds the walls apart

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4
Q

The superior recess surrounding uterine cervix

A

Vaginal fornix

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5
Q

The vaginal fornix is divided into anterior, lateral and posterior regions. The posterior region is the deepest part and associated with _______

A

Rectouterine pouch

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6
Q

Four muscles compress the vagina and act like a sphincter:

A
  • Pubovaginalis M
  • External urethral sphincter
  • Urethrovaginal sphincter
  • Bulbospongiosus M

This will not be tested but interesting

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7
Q

What are the functions of the vagina?

A
  • Excretory duct for menstrual fluid
  • Receive penis and semen during sexual intercourse
  • Inferior portion of birth canal
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8
Q

What is the arterial supply to the superior vagina?

A

Uterine artery

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9
Q

What is the arterial supply to the middle vagina?

A

Vaginal A

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10
Q

What is the arterial supply to the inferior vagina?

A

Internal pudendal A

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11
Q

Venous drainage of the vagina is via:

A

Internal iliac V

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12
Q

Lymphatic drainage of superior vagina is via:

A

Internal/external iliac lymph nodes

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13
Q

Lymphatic drainage of middle vagina is via:

A

Internal iliac lymph nodes

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14
Q

Lymphatic drainage of inferior vagina is via:

A

Sacral, common iliac and superficial inguinal lymph nodes

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15
Q

__________ travels with Uterine A to innervate superior 80% of the vagina

A

Uterovaginal plexus

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16
Q

Uterovaginal plexus is an extension of .

A

inferior hypogastric plexus

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17
Q

Sympathetic innervation of the vagina is via:

A

Lumbar splanchnic N

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18
Q

Parasympathetic innervation to the vagina is via:

A

Pelvic splanchnic N (S2-S4)

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19
Q

Visceral afferents from the vagina accompany pelvic splanchnic N back to ______ dermatomes

A

S2-S4

NOTE: Responsive only to distension in upper 80% of vagina

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20
Q

Somatic innervation to the vagina is via:

A

Deep Perineal N (branch of Pudendal N)

NOTE: Only to lower 20% of vagina. Responsive to touch and temperature

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21
Q

Thick walled, pear shaped muscular organ of gestation located in lesser pelvis

A

Uterus

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22
Q

Freely movable superior two thirds of uterus

A

Body

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23
Q

narrow, slit like lumen in the body of the uterus

A

Uterine cavity

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24
Q

superolateral origins of uterine tubes found in the body of the uterus

A

Uterine horns

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25
Q

rounded part of the uterine body superior to uterine horns

A

Fundus

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26
Q

short, constricted region of the body of the uterus just superior to cervix

A

Isthmus

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27
Q

Cylindrical inferior portion of uterus protruding into vagina

A

Cervix

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28
Q

The part of the cervix between isthmus and vagina, separated from rectum posteriorly by rectouterine pouch

A

Supravaginal part of cervix

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29
Q

The part of cervix that protrudes into vagina and surrounded by vaginal fornix

A

Vaginal part of the cervix

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30
Q

internal opening to uterine cavity of isthmus in the vaginal part of the cervix

A

Internal os

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31
Q

External opening to the vagina in the vaginal part of the cervix

A

External os

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32
Q

Structure that spans the cervix from internal os to external os in the vaginal part of the cervix

A

Cervical canal

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33
Q

Adult uterus is ______ (relative to vagina) and ______ (relative to cervix)

A
  • anteverted

- anteflexed

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34
Q

Uterine body normally lies on, and is supported by, _______

A

urinary bladder

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35
Q

When does the uterine position change?

A

as urinary bladder and/or rectum fill

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36
Q

Thin outer serosal covering of the uterus

A

Perimetrium

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37
Q

Thickest layer of the uterus that is comprised of irregularly arranged smooth muscle

A

Myometrium

NOTE: Changes dramatically during pregnancy (but not so during menstrual cycles)

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38
Q

Thin mucosal lining of the uterus; site of blastocyst implantation

A

Endometrium

NOTE: Changes dramatically during each menstrual cycle

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39
Q

Double layer of peritoneum that helps hold uterus in place and extends from lateral walls of uterus to lateral walls and floor of pelvis

A

Broad L of uterus

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40
Q

Anterior lamina of the broad L of uterus borders ________.

A

vesicouterine pouch

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41
Q

Posterior lamina of the broad L of uterus borders ________.

A

Rectouterine pouch

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42
Q

The anterior and posterior laminae of the uterus are continuous with each other over the free edge of ______

A

Uterine tubes

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43
Q

What forms a transverse septum in pelvic cavity?

A

Broad ligament of the uterus

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44
Q

Large section of Broad L lateral to uterus

A

Mesometrium

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45
Q

Extension of Broad L forming mesentery of ovary

A

Mesovarium

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46
Q

Extension of Broad L forming mesentery of uterine tube

A

Mesosalpinx

47
Q

Round ligament of the uterus and the ovarian ligament have a uterine origin between:

A

Layers of the broad ligament of the uterus

48
Q

The round ligament of the uterus attaches anteroinferiorly to :

A

Uterotubal junction

49
Q

The round ligament of the uterus passes through _______ to insert into _______

A
  • Inguinal canal

- labia majora

50
Q

The round ligament of the uterus is an adult remnant what?

A

Inferior part of gubernaculum

51
Q

The ligament that spans from uterus to ovary

A

Ovarian L

52
Q

The ovarian ligament of the uterus is an adult remnant of what?

A

Superior part of gubernaculum

53
Q

What is the superior extension of the broad ligament of the uterus toward abdomen?

A

Suspensory Ligament of the ovary

54
Q

What Surrounds neurovascular elements supplying ovary?

A

Suspensory Ligament of the ovary

55
Q

What ligament extends from cervix and lateral fornix of vagina to lateral walls of pelvis

A

Cardinal ligament

56
Q

Where is the cardinal ligament located relative to the broad ligament?

A

Along inferior margins of broad Ligament of the uterus

57
Q

What ligament passes superoposteriorly from sides of cervix to middle of sacrum?

A

Uterosacral L

58
Q

Tension from what ligament is possibly responsible for anteversion of uterus?

A

Uterosacral ligament

59
Q

What ligament of the uterus is part of the tendinous arch of the pelvic fascia?

A

Uterosacral L

60
Q

What ligament of the uterus is palpable via digital rectal exam?

A

Uterosacral ligament

61
Q

What ligament extends from posterior surface of pubic bones to cervix?

A

Pubocervical ligament

62
Q

What is the function of the uterine ligaments?

A

Uterine position is maintained by these ligaments and support from pelvic diaphragm

63
Q

Uterine prolapse is inhibited by what?

A

by position of uterus overlying urinary bladder

NOTE: Prolapse would be more likely if uterus were in same vertical plane as vagina

64
Q

The uterus is associated anteriorly with:

A
  • vesicouterine pouch

- superior surface of urinary bladder

65
Q

The uterus is associated posteriorly with:

A
  • rectouterine pouch

- anterior surface of rectum

66
Q

Rectouterine pouch is a potential space but sometimes may be filled with:

A

Ileum

67
Q

The uterus is anchored to the pelvic wall laterally by:

A
  • broad ligament of the uterus

- cardinal ligament

68
Q

What is the arterial supply of the uterus?

A

Uterine A, a branch from internal iliac A

NOTE: Ovarian A and Vaginal A anastomose with Uterine A

69
Q

What is the venous drainage of the uterus?

A

Uterine venous plexus which then drains to internal iliac V

70
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the fundus of the uterus:

A

Lumbar lymph nodes

71
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the body of the uterus:

A

through Broad L to external iliac lymph nodes

72
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the cervix of the uterus:

A

either internal iliac or sacral lymph nodes

73
Q

The uterovaginal plexus is an extension of:

A

Inferior hypogastric plexus

74
Q

Sympathetic innervation of the uterus is via:

A

Lumbar splanchnic N

75
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of the uterus via:

A

Pelvic splanchnic N (S2-S4)

76
Q

Visceral afferents from the body/fundus of the uterus follow:

A

sympathetics via lumbar splanchnic N

77
Q

Visceral afferents from the cervix follow:

A

parasympathetics via pelvic splanchnic N

78
Q

What is the function of the uterine tubes?

A
  • Convey ovulated ovum to uterus
  • Normal site for fertilization
  • Blastocyst formation after successful fertilization
79
Q

Uterine tubes extend laterally from”

A

Uterine horns

80
Q

The uterine tubes are located in:

A

Mesosalpinx

81
Q

The uterine tubes open to peritoneal cavity near:

A

Ovaries

82
Q

Funnel shaped distal end of the uterine tubes adjacent to ovary

A

Infundibulum

83
Q

opening of the infundibulum of the uterine tubes to peritoneal cavity

A

Abdominal ostium

84
Q

inflammation often resulting in uterine tube blockage - Major cause of female infertility

A

Salpingitis

85
Q

finger-like fringe processes of the infundibulum of the uterine tubes which associate with ovary

A

Fimbriae

86
Q

Widest and longest distal two thirds of the uterine tube between infundibulum and isthmus

A

Ampulla

87
Q

What is the usually site for fertilization?

A

Ampulla

88
Q

Narrow, thick walled part of the uterine tubes adjacent to uterine horn

A

Isthmus

89
Q

Short section of the uterine tubes that passes through wall of uterus

A

Intramural segment

90
Q

The opening of the uterine tube to the uterine cavity

A

Uterine ostium

91
Q

What is the arterial supply to the uterine tubes?

A
  • Uterine A from internal iliac A

- ovarian A from abdominal aorta

92
Q

What is the venous drainage of the uterine tubes?

A
  • Uterine venous plexus drains to Internal Iliac V

- Ovarian V drains to IVC or L Renal V

93
Q

Lymphatic drainage of uterine tubes is via:

A

Lumbar lymph nodes

94
Q

Autonomic innervation of the uterine tubes is via:

A

Inferior hypogastric plexus

95
Q

Visceral afferents from the uterine tubes follow:

A

sympathetics via lumbar splanchnic N to T11-L1

96
Q

Small almond shaped glands that produce female gametes and sex hormones

A

Ovaries

97
Q

The ovaries are suspended by ______ of the broad ligament near lateral pelvic walls

A

Mesovarium

98
Q

Prepubertal ovaries are covered by:

A

smooth germinal epithelium

NOTE: Postpubertal ovaries become progressively distorted and scarred from ovulations

99
Q

Ovulation releases oocyte directly to _______. The _______ of the uterine tube captures oocyte and brings it into ampulla

A
  • peritoneal cavity

- infundibulum

100
Q

What connects distal end of ovary to lateral wall of pelvis?

A

Suspensory Ligament

101
Q

What contains ovarian blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves?

A

Suspensory ligament

102
Q

What connects proximal end of ovary to uterus?

A

Ovarian ligament

103
Q

The ovarian ligament is located within:

A

Mesovarium

104
Q

What is the arterial supply to the ovary?

A

Ovarian A which originates from abdominal aorta

105
Q

What is the venous drainage of the ovaries?

A

Pampiniform plexus which drains to a single ovarian vein

106
Q

Where does the pampiniform plexus form in females?

A

In broad ligament near ovary and uterine tube

107
Q

The right ovarian vein drains to:

A

IVC

108
Q

The left ovarian vein drains to:

A

Left renal vein

109
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the ovaries is via:

A

Lumbar lymph nodes

110
Q

Autonomic innervation of the ovary is via:

A

Ovarian plexus which follows the ovarian A

111
Q

Sympathetic innervation of the ovaries is via:

A

T11-L1

112
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of the ovaries is via:

A

Pelvic splanchnic N

113
Q

What is the function of parasympathetic and my pathetic innervation to the ovary?

A

Regulate vascular diameter

Gross III (20 decks)

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