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Gross III > Part I. M + NAV Of Thoracic Wall > Flashcards

Part I. M + NAV Of Thoracic Wall Flashcards

1
Q

4 muscles of thoracic wall:

A

External and internal intercostal m
Innermost intercostal m
Subcostal m
Transversus throacis m

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2
Q

How many pair of external intercostal m?

A

11 pair

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3
Q

Where is the location of external intercostal m?

A

Fill space from tubercles of ribs (posterior) to costochondral joints (anterior)

Most superficial in intercostal space

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4
Q

Fiber direction of external intercostal m?

A

Inferoanterior between 1 rib and the next one inferior to it

Fingers in front pockets

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5
Q

Action of external intercostal m?

A

Elevates ribs in forced inspiration

Maintain tonus in normal respiration

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6
Q

External intercostal membrane extends from?

A

Costochondral joint to sternum

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7
Q

How many pair of internal intercostal m?

A

11 pair

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8
Q

Location of internal intercostal m?

A

Fill space from sternum (anterior) to costal angle (posterolateral)

Middle layer in intercostal space

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9
Q

Fiber direction internal intercostal m

A

Inferoposterior between 1 rib and the next one inferior to it

(Opposite external)

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10
Q

Action of internal intercostal m

A

Depress ribs in forced expiration

Maintain tonus in normal respiration

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11
Q

internal intercostal membrane extends from

A

Costal angle to TPs of vertebrae

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12
Q

How many pair innermost intercostal m?

A

11

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13
Q

Location of innermost intercostal m

A

Fill lateral portion of intercostal space only

Inner layer in intercostal space

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14
Q

Fiber direction of innermost intercostal m

A

Similar to internal — inferoposterior

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15
Q

innermost intercostal m is separated from internal intercostal m by

A

Intercostal NAV

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16
Q

Action of innermost intercostal m

A

Depress ribs in forced expiration

Maintain tonus in normal respiration

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17
Q

Location of subcostal m

A

Internal surface of lower ribs near their angle

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18
Q

Fiber angle subcostal m

A

Very similar to internal intercostal m — inferoposterior

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19
Q

Which muscle crosses at least 1 rib to span 2+ intercostal spaces?

A

subcostal m

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20
Q

Action of subcostal m

A

Weekly depress ribs

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21
Q

Location of transversus throacis m?

A

Inner surface of anterior thoracic wall

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22
Q

transversus throacis m spans:

A

Superolaterally from inferior sternum to 2-6th costal cartilages

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23
Q

Action of transversus throacis m

A

Weakly depress ribs

May function in proprioception

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24
Q

Where are typical intercostal nerves?

A

3rd through 6th

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25
Q

Where are the 12 pair of thoracic spinal nerves? And what do they become?

A

Ventral rami fo T1-T11 spinal nerves become Intercostal N

Ventral rami T12 spinal nerves become Subcostal N

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26
Q

Dorsal rami pass posteriorly to innervate:

A

Vertebrae, joints, muscles and skin

27
Q

What is the motor innervation of typical intercostal n?

A

Intrinsic muscle of thoracic wall

28
Q

What is the sensory innervation of typical intercostal n?

A

To dermatome skin regions

29
Q

5 branches of typical intercostal n

A 
Collateral branch
Lateral cutaneous branch
Anterior cutaneous branch
Muscular branch
Rami communicantes
30
Q

Where is the collateral branch of typical intercostal n?

A

Starts near angle of rib and passes along superior margin of lower rib

31
Q

What does collateral branch of typical intercostal n innervate?

A

Intercostal muscles and parietal pleura

32
Q

Where is lateral cutaneous branch of typical intercostal n?

A

Enters superficial fascia in midaxillary line

33
Q

What does the lateral cutaneous branch of typical intercostal n innervate?

A

Sensory - skin in lateral thoracic region

34
Q

Where is the anterior cutaneous branch of typical intercostal n?

A

Enters superficial fascia in parasternal line

35
Q

Where does the anterior cutaneous branch of typical intercostal n innervate?

A

Sensory — skin in anterior thoracic region

36
Q

What does the muscular branch of typical intercostal n innervate?

A

Motor — intrinsic muscle of thoracic wall

37
Q

What is the rami communicantes of typical intercostal n?

A

Sympathetic connections between intercostal nerve and sympathetic trunk

38
Q

What does the white ramus of the rami communicantes of typical intercostal n contain?

A

Presynaptic fibers leaving nerve to enter ganglion

39
Q

What does the gray ramus of the rami communicantes of typical intercostal n contain?

A

Postsynaptic fibers leaving ganglion to enter nerve

40
Q

Where are thoracoabdominal nerves?

A

7th-11th intercostal nerves

41
Q

What do thoracoabdominal nerves do?

A

Cross costal margin passing from thorax to abdomen

42
Q

What do thoracoabdominal nerves innervate?

A

Abdominal skin and musculature

43
Q

Is it intercostal nerves or arteries that can be posterior or anterior?

A

Arteries (the nerve is simply Intercostal n.)

44
Q

Where does the internal thoracic artery branch from and where does it bifurcate?

A

Subclavian A; Superior Epigastric & Musculophrenic A

45
Q

What space does the internal thoracic artery bifurcate?

A

6th intercostal space

46
Q

The ___th pair of Anterior Intercostal Arteries branch from_________________ artery while the ___th pair branch from _____________ artery.

A

1-6th pair branch from Internal Thoracic A

7-9th pair branch from Musculophrenic A

47
Q

The ___ (number) pair of Posterior Intercostal Arteries branch from_________________ artery while the ___ (number) pair branch from _____________ artery.

A

1 and 2nd pair branch from Superior Intercostal A (from Costocervical Trunk)
3-11th pair (and Subcostal A) branch RIGHT from Descending Thoracic Aorta

48
Q

The return system is called:

A

Azygos system

49
Q

What does azygos mean?

A

Unpaired or single

50
Q

What does the azygos system do overall?

A

Drains back, thoracoabdominal walls and mediastinal viscera

Provides alternate route for venous return from lower body (if needed)

51
Q

The azygos v ascends at what location:

A

Posterior mediastinum on right side of T4-T12

52
Q

Where does the azygos v drain?

A

Superior Vena Cava

53
Q

Where does azygos v receive blood

A

Right 4th-11th posterior intercostal veins

54
Q

Where is the hemiazygos v located?

A

It ascends posterior mediastinum on left side of T9-T12

55
Q

At T9 what happens to Hemiazygos v?

A

Crosses vertebral bodies to drain into azygos v

56
Q

Where does the hemiazygos v receive blood from?

A

9th-11th posterior intercostal vv

57
Q

Accessory hemiazygos v is located where?

A

Descends posterior mediastinum on left side of T5-T8

58
Q

At about T8 what happens to the Accessory Hemiazygos v?

A

Crosses vertebral body to drain into Azygos V.

Sometimes joins Hemiazygos V

59
Q

Accessory hemiazygos v receives blood from

A

Left 4th-8th posterior intercostal vv

60
Q

Where does the Superior Intercostal V receive blood from?

A

1-3rd Posterior Intercostal Vv

62
Q

What does the Superior Intercostal V drain into on the Right?

A

Azygos V

63
Q

The breast is innervated by

A

Anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of 2-6th Intercostal N

64
Q

What does the Superior Intercostal V drain into on the Left?

A

Accessory Hemiazygos V or L Brachiocephalic V

65
Q

The dorsal branches of the posterior intercostal arteries, supply what?

A

vertebral column, back muscles and skin

Gross III (20 decks)

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