Part II Flashcards
When a stationary exercise bicycle is used to emphasize strengthening a weak hamstring muscle, which modification to the equipment should be made?
The installation of toe clips will allow the patient to create greater force for knee flexion and thereby emphasize hamstring strengthening.
In order to unlock the knee from terminal extension in a closed kinetic chain, which of the following must occur?
ER of the femur on the tibia allows the tibiofemoral joint to flex in the weight-bearing position
biofeedback for neuromuscular re-education on a patient with TBI?
determine that the patient is able to understand the concept of feedback
Pt with R transtibial amputation has lateral trunk bending toward the right side during right midstance due to:
prosthesis is too short
Tendinitis results in:
painful weakness since it affects a contractile structure
Weakness without pain implicates:
a nerve injury
Apex of patella is where?
distal tip - toward tibia
Base of patella is where?
Proximal - wider toward femur.
While a patient is receiving gait training in the use of crutches, the BEST hand placement for the PT is?
one hand on the gait belt and one hand on the patient’s shoulder
5-year-old child diagnosed with Down syndrome is referred for therapy should avoid?
Children with trisomy 21 frequently have atlantoaxial instability. Rolling and other tumbling activities must be avoided.
Passive insufficiency is:
Poor lengthening of antagonist muscle
Prolonged bed rest would MOST likely cause an increase in which of the following cardiovascular parameters?
Resting and submaximal heart rates begin to increase within a few days of complete bed rest and result in lowered cardiac efficiency.
Ideomotor apraxia is:
inability to perform purposeful movements when there is no loss of sensation, strength, coordination, or comprehension. Cannot do on command.
If necrotic tissue present, then use:
enzymatic debridement or wet-to-dry dressing (mechanical debridement).
A venous ulcer requires
an absorbent dressing (ex. foam)
A patient who is performing a vigorous treadmill test is MOST likely to have an immediate increase in which of the following physiologic responses?
Vigorous exercise produces lactic acid, which would lower the pH of blood unless compensatory mechanisms are in place. Increasing the rate of respiration reduces the alveolar PCO2, resulting in more alkalinity in the blood to prevent an imbalance.
exercise guidelines for healthy adult pt undergoing radiation treatment for breast cancer?
Radiation therapy can cause scarring to the heart and lungs. Aerobic exercise should be kept at a low to moderate intensity.
Should intermittent compression therapy be used on pts with arterial insufficiency?
Patients with arterial insufficiency have increased peripheral resistance, and compression would increase it further.
Hernia pain referrals?
Hiatal-shoulder pain
femoral - lateral pelvic wall
inguinal - groin
umbilical - umbilical ring in the mid to lower abdomen
What condition is an absolute CONTRAINDICATION to a patient’s participation in aquatic physical therapy?
Those with kidney disease will be unable to adjust to fluid loss during immersion
clinical indicators of slipped capital femoral epiphysis:
Age, slight flexion, adduction, and lateral (external) rotation of hip, increasing pain on abduction
Positive Babinksi?
the great toe extends while the other toes plantar flex and splay
method that is the MOST effective way to encourage a patient who is learning a new movement pattern?
Early learning - Provide frequent feedback during the initial trials of the movement
Laboratory findings of decreased red blood cell count and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate are MOST indicative of:
rheumatoid arthritis
symptoms of tibialis posterior tendinitis
pain in the medial leg and behind the medial malleolus, history of pain while running, pain present first thing in the morning, eases within a few hours, and increases again at the end of the day
In overhead activities, which of the following structures is the PRIMARY restraint to anteroinferior translation of the humeral head?
The inferior glenohumeral ligament is the primary restraint against anterior and posterior dislocations and is the most important stabilizing structure in the overhead movement.
Pt with transfemoral amputation is wearing a prosthesis and exhibits lumbar lordosis during push-off of the prosthetic side.
Result of insufficient socket flexion
Bigeminy occurs when:
every other beat is a premature ventricular contraction (PVC)
A couplet occurs when:
2 premature ventricular contractions are together with no normal heartbeat between them
Multifocal premature ventricular contractions occur when
More than one PVC is present, and the two do not appear similar in configuration
Ventricular tachycardia is:
a series of 3 or more premature ventricular contractions in a row.
Does ulna actually articulate with any of the carpal bones?
No. There’s a disc there.
Volar carpal glide will:
increase wrist extension range of motion
Dorsal carpal glide increases:
wrist flexion
ATNR
facial arm extends and abducts and the occipital arm flexes and abducts
In MMT of lower trapezius, a PT resists
Scapular depression, adduction, and upward rotation
Myocardial oxygen demand is closely related to:
product of heart rate and systolic blood pressure
When an individual experiences an increase in blood pressure, which of the following reflexive responses should occur?
Vascular dilation and a decrease in cardiac output .
The increase in blood pressure would activate the baroreceptor reflex, resulting in reflexive dilation of peripheral vasculature and bradycardia. This results in a decrease in cardiac output.
A patient who has been receiving corticosteroids over the past 3 months is MOST likely to experience which of the following side effects?
risk of infection is increased because cortisol or corticosteroids dampen the body’s inflammatory response
Cellulitis signs/symptoms include
pain, redness, tenderness, edema, and at times, fever, chills, tachycardia, headache, and hypotension
arterial insufficiency - LE intermittent claudication during exercise
Pallor (paleness, ashen) is caused by shunting of blood to the exercising muscle, away from the distal aspect of the extremity and would be expected during lower extremity claudication
