2 Part I Flashcards
The functional position of the wrist and hand is:
(1) slight wrist extension, (2) slight ulnar deviation, (3) fingers flexed at the MCP, PIP, and DIP joints, and (4) thumb slightly abducted.
Pt 8 months pregnant has an abdominal diastasis recti with a separation of 1.5 inches (3.8 cm). Which exercise would be MOST appropriate INITIALLY for abdominal strengthening in a supine position?
Supine hooklying head lifts emphasize the rectus abdominis muscle and are least likely to increase the separation of the diastasis recti.
Guillain-Barré syndrome is characterized by:
Lower motor neuron disease, flaccidity, hyporeflexia, and diminished reflexes.
Erb palsy is injury to the upper roots of the brachial plexus at C5 and C6. Characteristics?
unilateral paralysis, positioning the affected limb in pronation, shoulder weakness resulting in the involved arm postured in medial (internal) rotation of the shoulder.
Tissue hydration is determined by:
pinching and lifting the skin and timing the return to normal
The presence of a positive Babinski sign indicates
an upper motor neuron lesion such as a spinal cord injury. Positive if toes flare at the end of the test
During a five-position grip strength test, the HIGHEST grip strength measurement is MOST likely to result from use of which handle position of a hand-held dynamometer?
- The widest grips (4 and 5) use mostly the flexor digitorum profundus muscle; the smallest grip (1) prevents much use of the fdp and superficialis as they are maximally shortened. In healthy and motivated patients, maximum grip strength occurs at the second or third grip width.
common symptoms during the beginning stages of rheumatoid arthritis are:
Malaise and fatigue
A lesion of this nerve would make it difficult, if not impossible, for the patient to fully raise the lid (open the eye) and would cause a condition termed ptosis
oculomotor nerve (CN III)
Medial strabismus would be caused by damage to
the abducent nerve (CN VI), innervating the lateral rectus, causing a medial strabismus
Inability to fully close the eye would be seen with a lesion of the
facial nerve (CN VII) (Bell palsy).
Difficulty looking inferomedially is due to
a trochlear nerve (CN IV) problem
A patient is being evaluated for possible carpal tunnel syndrome, and a nerve conduction velocity test is performed. Which finding would MOST strongly support the diagnosis?
Latency is typically increased across the carpal tunnel compression site. Nerve conduction above and below the local nerve compression is usually normal.
A pt has difficulty palpating the carotid pulse during exercise. The pt should be instructed in alternate methods of self-monitoring, bc repeated palpation is likely to result in
a decrease in the heart rate. Manual pressure on the carotid sinus can cause a reflexive drop in heart rate, blood pressure, or both.
A pt with a hiatal hernia is receiving physical therapy. Which exercise would MOST likely worsen the symptoms related to the hernia
Bilateral leg lifts. Avoid supine position and avoid the Valsalva maneuver
Which of the following subjective reports from a patient with rheumatoid arthritis indicates the need for further medical examination by a physician?
Symmetrical numbness in both LEs - could be indicative of myelopathy from either infectious or neoplastic causes. Hot (not warmth) and swollen it would be suggestive of an infection.
Modality that BEST addresses calcific tendinitis in the bicipital tendon?
Iontophoresis with acetic acid
Cool-down exercises are performed immediately after a general aerobic exercise program PRIMARILY to prevent
venous pooling - venous system relies on muscular pumping in order to return blood back to the heart
MOST appropriate for handling a 1-year-old child with cerebral palsy who exhibits strong extensor tone in the trunk and extremities?
Carrying the child in a sitting position. Promotes visual attending, use of the UEs, and social interaction. A child who exhibits extensor posturing should be carried in a symmetric position that does not allow axial hyperextension and keeps the hips and knees flexed.
signs and symptoms consistent with liver disease:
hx of alcohol abuse, presence of fine resting tremors and right upper quadrant pain, jaundice
Small-amplitude oscillations performed at the limit of the available motion and into tissue resistance describes
Grade IV mobilizations - appropriate to address restrictions associated with capsular end-feels.
A physical therapist is positioning a patient for postural drainage. To BEST drain the posterior segment of both lower lobes, the patient should be placed in
prone lying with the head down and the lower extremities and hips elevated to about 45°.
patient who has type 1 diabetes can exercise at what blood glucose levels?
Blood glucose levels should be between 70 and 250 mg/dL for patient safety
In the capsular pattern associated with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder, the GREATEST percentage of loss of range of motion is in
lateral (external) rotation, followed by abduction and medial (internal) rotation
In a research study, a correlation coefficient of 0.30 was found for the relationship between two variables. Which interpretation of this finding is MOST appropriate
The variables have a low correlation. A correlation coefficient of 0.26 to 0.49 is considered low
Increased residual volume is LEAST likely to be a finding in pulmonary function testing of a patient with which of the following conditions?
Atelectasis - more of a restrictive issue and would not lead to an increase in residual volume. Restrictive lung disease is associated with a decreased residual volume.Obstructive lung disease is associated with an increased residual volume
What is the close-packed position of the radiocarpal joint of the wrist?
full extension with radial deviation or full extension
During an initial evaluation, which test is MOST likely to identify an abnormal finding for a pt who has acute right-sided heart failure?
Circumferential girth measurement of the lower extremities - Rt-sided heart failure results in dependent edema; measurements of pitting edema are appropriate to determine the severity of right-sided heart failure and aid the therapist in treatment planning
A PT is setting up a home program of electrical stim for a pt who has Bell palsy. Which muscle should be stimulated as part of the home program?
Bell palsy involves the facial nerve (CN VII). The frontalis is the only muscle listed that is innervated by the facial nerve (CN VII).
A patient suspected of having hypoglycemia is MOST likely to show which of the following signs?
Difficulty speaking and concentrating - A common mental state manifestation of hypoglycemia
signs of hyperglycemia:
Fruity smelling breath, thirst, nausea, and vomiting, and dry, crusty mucous membranes
