part 4

Question 1

Intransigence

Answer 1

the quality of refusing to change your opinions/views or behavior/stance
uncompromising, stubborn

• we have to make the best possible case to the goverment, get it to endorse partition and shock the leaders out of their intrasigence by accelerating the process

Question 2

Permeated

Answer 2

to spread through something and be present in every part of it: نفوذ کرده است

• American unreliability will permeate every discussion when Nato defence ministers gather in Brussels this week.

Question 3

paramount

Answer 3

more important than anything else

the highest level of importance or significance in a broad or general sense, often without reference to other competing factors or concerns.

Question 4

adversary

Answer 4

An adversary is someone you want to defeat. An enemy is someone you have to destroy.

Question 5

Circumspect

Answer 5

, محتاطانه
“Circumspect” is an adjective that describes someone who is cautious and unwilling to take risks, and thinks carefully before acting or making a decision. It comes from Latin roots meaning “to look around,” suggesting careful consideration of all circumstances and potential consequences.

• Given the potential risks involved, it’s important to be circumspect when investing in the stock market

Question 6

Unvarnished

Answer 6

An unvarnished statement is expressed in a plain and honest way: free from any effort to soften to disguise
without sugarcoating or embellishment.

• She gave an unvarnished account of the company’s failures, not holding back any of the harsh realities they faced.

Question 7

Sticking point

Answer 7

A sticking point is a subject, issues, problems that is very hard and difficult to reach agreement about it therefore blocks/ prevents/ hinders progress towards agreement or negotiation

• The main sticking point in the negotiations was the question of who would control the board of directors

Question 8

Tectonic

Answer 8

tectonic changes are very large, important and significant changes that will have major effects

• The invention of the internet brought about a tectonic shift in how we communicate and access information

Question 9

To know something by heart

Answer 9

• to have learned or memorized something completely and perfectly.
  recall it perfectly
• you know his number by heart

Question 10

Dispassionate

Answer 10

able to think clearly or make good decisions because not influenced/affected by emotions: unaffected by strong emotion or prejudice or bias
Impartial, objective

• The judge was dispassionate, making her decisions based solely on the evidence presented, not on personal feelings or biases

Question 11

Incessantly

Answer 11

without interruption; constantly. Continues, never ending/ stopping, endless, بی وقفه

Question 12

seldom

Answer 12

not often, rarely

• Innovations and changes are constant, but seldom does an innovation come along that completely changes the course of history.

Question 13

Impeccable

Answer 13

perfect, with no problems or bad parts: بی عیب و نقص

Question 14

tantamount

Answer 14

equal, معادل

Question 15

Jingoistic

Answer 15

related to the belief that your own country is always best

strong belief in the superiority of one’s own country over others, and can include a tendency towards aggressive foreign policy or warmongering.

Question 16

Silver lining

Answer 16

an advantage that comes from a difficult or unpleasant situation, used for saying that there is usually a good aspect of a bad situation

Question 17

Pernicious
The pernicious influence of misinformation can erode trust in institutions.

Answer 17

having a very harmful effect or influence.
In summary, both words convey the idea of harm, but “detrimental” is a broader term for any form of harm, while “pernicious” often suggests a more subtle, gradual, or destructive influence.

Question 17

lackluster

Answer 17

lacking energy and effort:
not exciting, or impressiv not special or exeptional

luster means shine or sparkling and lack means not have or need of something

• that candidate had a lackluster showing in the polls

Question 18

Exacerbated

Answer 18

to make something that is already bad even worse or sever

• A drought will exacerbate a country’s food shortage.

Question 19

Amenable - adjective
Amenably - adverb
Amenability - noun

2 meaning

Answer 19

1. (of a person) open, flexibil and responsive to suggestion, advice, or new ideas.; easily persuaded or controlled,
   willingly

-UK courts are much more amenable to defamation claims than American ones, but Depp still couldn’t prevail:

-The new software is amenable to customization, allowing users to adjust its features according to their needs.

2. legal
   It’s worth noting that “amenable” can also be used in a legal context, where it means “liable to be called to account” or “legally responsible”.

• “As the company’s director, he is amenable for any losses incurred.”