part 3

Question 1

Belaboring

Answer 1

to explain something more than necessary

Question 2

Arduous

Answer 2

extremely difficult سخت
involving/ requires a lot of effort and hard work.
* The team faced the arduous challenge of completing the project on a tight deadline.”

Question 3

Condescend

Answer 3

refers to an attitude or behavior that shows a sense of superiority, importans, intellgensei than other people possibly due to arrogance or a sense of self-importance. lack of respect

Question 4

Concurrently

Answer 4

at the same time

Question 5

Litigation

Answer 5

to sue and to take someone to the court

Question 6

Overarching

Answer 6

most important or central, because of including or affecting all other areas

covers anything, it effects everything within its scope

main, all-encompassing theme

Question 7

Extrajudicial killing

Answer 7

done without the permission of or without using the official legal system, not legally authorized

Question 8

grossly

Answer 8

very, extremely
it’s important to note that “grossly” often carries a negative connotation, suggesting that the amount is unreasonably high.
* ue to inflation, the prices are grossly high

Question 9

Sufficiently
suffice, sufficent
suffice it to say (phrasel word)

Answer 9

to be enough for the requirements or needs of the purpose, به اندازه کافی

Question 10

Admirable

Answer 10

If something is admirable, it means it possesses qualities or characteristics that are worthy of respect, approval, or praise.
قابل تحسین

Question 11

Advisedly

Answer 11

• If you say you are using a word advisedly, you mean you are choosing it after thinking about it very carefully

with intention; in an intentional manner

Question 12

Engross

Answer 12

taking/ having all one’s attention or interest absorbed by someone or something

to occupy competely as mind or attention absorb

• The Godfather was quite an engrossing series that captivated a lot of people.

Question 13

Copious

Answer 13

in large amounts; more than enough: فراوان
“copious” often implies an excessive or overflowing amount.
to describe a large quantity of something that can be counted or measured, such as “copious amounts of food” or “copious notes.”
* She took copious notes, filling page after page

Question 14

ratify
Ratification

Answer 14

refers to the official approval or formal consent to a contract, agreement, or decision
by signing it or formally accepting it, تصویب شد
to confirm that it is officaly valid

Question 15

1. To scale back
2. scale down
3. scale up
4. downscale (to meaning)

Answer 15

1. to reduce the size or amount, capacity, or extent of something.
2. same meaning as to scale back.
   3.to increase the size, amount, or extent of somethingusually in a planned, consistent proposition and systematic way
3. It can mean to reduce the size, amount, or extent of something, similar to “scale down”.
   - refer to making something less luxurious or less expensive, as in “downscale a restaurant”

Question 16

derail (2 meaning)

Answer 16

1. to come off the track like train
   2- prevent/ to stop something from succeeding or progressing smoothly due to problems or complications, obstacles, issues

• his career was derailed by a horrible scandal
• a dearth of computer chips derailed the company`s expansion plans

Question 17

Proliferate
proliferation

Answer 17

to quickly/rapidly increase in number, spread or amount.
* The use of smartphones has proliferated over the past decade.

• the developed of new technoligies and access to them have proliferated in past decades and will continue to do so in future due to increase new innovation,
• Hacking has proliferated with the rise of digitalizationp

Question 18

Augment
Augmentation

Answer 18

“augment” always implies an addition or enhancement that improves the original state or condition of something. Adding extra

to increase the size or value, grow, enlarge, intensify of something by adding something to it:

• the President decides to augment taxes, taxes are going up.
• The pressure augmented. When you see the word augment, think “More!”تقویت کردن, افزودن
• t he renovated the house in order to augemnt the sale
• “She augmented her income by taking a second job

Question 19

Excerpts -

Answer 19

• a short part taken from a speech, book, film, etc.

Question 20

prolific

Answer 20

“prolific” is an adjective used to describe productivity or creativity

describes someone or something that produces a large amount, number, or variety of something. present in lagre number.