Part 3 Flashcards
According to Mill moral actions are those which produce what?
Good
Just as a blind man cannot create the idea of color, the mind cannot create a simple idea.
consistent
Herbert states our minds contain instinctive “common notions” that are universally true.
True
According to Plato, if triangles didn’t exist, the Form of Triangle wouldn’t exist.
False
When Hume says that “all events seem entirely loose and separate,” he means to imply that
There is no necessary connection to be observed among them.
Where was Bentham born?
London
Sparked by dramatic advances in the sciences, Enlightenment thinkers were convinced that through the exercise of human reason they could unravel the mysteries of the universe and set society off in a new and highly advanced direction.
True
According to Nietzsche, God does not exist.
True
According to Aristotle, scientific knowledge rests on knowledge that is itself subject to the same proof as scientific conclusions.
False
According to Berkeley, it is incorrect to believe, as Aristotle did, that physical substances are composed of matter and form.
True
According to Hobbes, thinking is a variation of self-reflection
False
According to Kant, knowledge begins with sense experience but is not entirely produced by sense experience.
True
Positivism says we should reject any investigation that does not rest on direct observation.
True
According to Hobbes, in a state of nature men are superior to women.
False
Epictetus held that God is all powerful, all wise, and all good.
True
Definitions, for Socrates, involves a process by which our minds distinguish the essence of an object.
True
The principle of cause and effect is an important basis of scientific observation.
True
For Plato, the most important feature of the physical world is that it is unchanging.
False
According to Plato, perfect Courage exists.
True
Kant lived in Ireland all his life.
False
In describing the human condition, Kierkegaard distinguished between what we now are and what we ought to be. That is, there is a movement from our essence to our existence.
True
Aristotle agreed with Plato that the fundamental nature of reality was grounded in mathematics.
False
To think in terms of existence meant for Kierkegaard to recognize that we face personal choices.
True
Simply because we have no sense knowledge of matter or spirit, it would be wrong to say matter and spirit do not exist.
consistent
Who was the ablest advocate of utilitarianism?
Mill
Which of the following statements is not true about John Stuart Mill?
Mill was completely against his father’s ideas.
Aristotle categories represented the classification of concepts that are used in scientific knowledge.
True
Virtue, Aristotle says, is defined by a mean relative to us. He means that
Facts about an individual and her circumstances are relevant to what should be done.
According to Berkeley, when a human mind knows things in the external world, the mind is knowing God’s ideas.
True
At Plato’s Academy, Aristotle has the reputation of being the “reader” and “the mind of the school.”
True
According to Kant, Newtonian science is not a description of ultimate reality.
True
Berkeley was born, and lived most of his life, in Holland.
False
According to Hobbes, knowledge of consequences is hypothetical or conditional but is based on logic.
False
Which philosoper was called the founder of positive philosophy?
Comte
According to Schopenhauer, “the life of every individual…is really always a tragedy, but gone through in detail, it has the character of a comedy.”
True
Socrates, by only two years, outlived Plato
False
According to Plato, the mind can know truths independently of any information from the senses.
True
According to Hobbes, the driving force in a person is the need for love.
False
According to Hume, if substance cannot be known by a sense impression, as Locke claims, then we have no evidence of the existence of substance.
True
According to Hobbes, the picture we get of this state of nature is of people moving against each other- bodies in motion- or the anarchic condition of “the war of all against all.”
True
Thales’ quest for the source of the unity of all things is the embodiment of what every philosophy tires to do.
consistent
According to Nietzsche, a hero like Martin Luther King should be praised more for what he made of himself than for what he did for others.
True
Kant believed that there existed a noumenal realm of things-in-themselves, even though we can never access it.
True
According to Hobbes, unless the rules of the social contract are enforced by the will of the people, everything will collapse again into the state of nature.
False
According to Hume, we can know for certain that God does not exist.
False
According to Aristotle, thinking is always about some specific individual thing, namely, a substance.
True
According to Nietzsche, all of life is driven by the will to power.
True
According to Comte, how many main divisions do human prvidence contain?
4
Marx’s prediction that the capitalist order would succeed was based on this notion that the changes in the quantitative factors in capitalism would inevitably support capitalism.
False
The main difference between master morality and slave morality is that
one morality is founded in affirmation and the other in resentment.
