part 2 Flashcards
What do we need to teach pt’s about drugs for muscle spasms?
- CNS depressant: dizziness, lightheadedness, avoiding driving
- avoid other CNS depressants
- do not abruptly discontinue
Dantrolene is a med used for spasticity and it can cause liver dysfunction. What are some signs pt’s should watch for in regards to liver dysfunction?
jaundice
abd pain
malaise
-seek medical attention if these develop
Cyclobenzaprine is a CNS depressant used to treat muscle spasm. What should we warn our pt’s about when they are taking this medication?
- chew surge free gum (Xerostomia)
- wear sunglasses (photophobia)
- increase fiber and fluids (constipation)
- report urinary retention
- Movement disorder of CNS origin.
- common cause: MS and CP
- characteristics: heightened muscle tone, spasm, loss of dexterity
spasticity
What drugs are used for spasticity?
-Baclofen (Lioresal)
-Diazepam (Valium)
these both act in the CNS
What is the mechanism of action for Baclofen (Lioresal)?
- acts in the spinal cord
- suppresses hyperactive reflexes and resistance to passive movements
- may mimic the action of GABA on spinal neurons
- no direct effect on skeletal muscle
- does not decrease muscle strength
Does Baclofen (Lioresal) have a direct effect on skeletal muscle?
No
What are the therapeutic uses of Baclofen (Lioresal)?
- MS
- spinal cord injury
- CP
- NOT used for stroke pt’s
What are the AE’s of Baclofen (Lioresal)?
- no antidote for overdose
- can cause coma and respiratory depression
- gradual withdrawal over 1 to 2 weeks
- abrupt oral dose withdrawal: visual hallucinations, paranoid ideation, and seizures
- GI symptoms
- urinary retention
- intrathecal administration can cause rhabdomyolysis (muscle breakdown causing kidney failure)
This medication is a member of the bento family and is the only one labeled to treat spasticity.
Diazepam (Valium)
What is the mechanism of action and AE’s of Diazepam (Valium)?
- acts in the CNS
- mimics action of GABA
- AE: sedation
