Part 2 Flashcards
who is buerger allen exercises meant for?
patients with buerger’s, raynauds, elderly, bedridden, or early stages of diabetes
what are the exercises for buerger allen
- support legs in an elevated position at 60-90 degrees for 30-180 seconds or until you produce blanching of the extremity. dorsiflex and plantar flex during procedure
- allow feet to hang over the edge of the bed for 2-3 minutes or as long as it takes to prodcue hyperemia, then add 1 minute. this shouldn’t be more than 5 minutes
- place legs in a horizontal position for 3-5 minutes
who is william’s exercises fofr?
low back pain patients
what are the flexion exercises in the william’s exercises?
ab crunches in 90/90 or goucher’s position
flut max (pelvic rocks or tilts
stretch hams, knee to chest
what is the intension of the william’s exerises?
reduce LBP by strengthening the spineal muscles of lfexion and extension as well as abs and glut max
how is a patient instructed to do sit ups?
knees flexed, hands in front of chest while head and shoulders are lifted off the floor up to 6 inches so that the iliopsoas muscle is not used. position is held for 5 seconds or as long a possible
McKenzie’s exercises are used for? what type of exercise is it?
extension exercises
LBP
acute low back problems (ex: disc)
what do you do during codman (pendular) exercises?
strengthen shoulder girdle while eliminating the use of the supraspinatus
what is the codman (pendular) used for?
frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis), rotator cuff rehabilitation
DeLorme’s eercises
systematic approach to muscle strengthening by increasing the resistance placed on the muscle
example of DeLorme’s exercises
weight lifting
what exercise is used for pragnant females and patients with urinary incontinence?
Kegel’s
pelvic floor exercises
jacobson’s exercises is used to?
relax muscles by using stress exercises
clayton’s exercises
crawling exercises to mobilize the spine
exercise muscles in scoliosis (cross-crawl)
frenkel’s exercises
ataxic motion and to develop coordination (wobble board)
what is the brace used for thoracolumbar support?
milwaukee brace
when should we use the milwaukee brace?
when there is a scoliosis that is between 20-40 degrees
worn 23 hours a day
what is an example of a lumbar/SI support?
sacroiliac girdle (trochanteric belt) goes around the hip
what is the trochanteric belt used for?
SI hypermobility
what are the different extremity braces? what are they for?
figure 8 (louisiana strap)-inversion ankle sprain lennox-hill (derotational brace)- knee cockup splint- wrist (carpal tunne syndrome)
which hand do you use a cane or 1 crutch in?
opposite hand
describe how to fit a crutch
2-10-30
measure 2 inches from axilla
tip of crutch 10 inches from malleolus
be at 30 degrees when placed correctly
contraindications to all modalities of passive caare
hemorrhage
infection with suppuration (except with UV superficially)
***malignancy
contraindications to all heating modalities
decreased thermal sensation active TB low back and abdomen during pregnancy encapsulated swellings (herpes simplex, non-draining sinusitis) late stages of diabetes mellitus
contraindications for all electrical modalities
pacemakers low back and abdomen during pregnancy decreased sensation (LVG only) brain (transcerebral) eyes heart (transthoracic) carotid sinuses
describe the effect of massage
mechanical (kinetic and friction)
greatest effect on vascular system
physiologic effects of massage
increases blood and lymph flow heart rate blood pressure breaks adhesions removes lactic acid decreases edema, congestion and nerve activity (sedation)
indications for massage
strains sprains bruises tendonitis bursitis
contraindications for massage
VASCULAR PROBLEMS phlebitis thrombosis varicosities ulcerations local acute conditions
types of massage
effleurage petrissage tapotment friction vibration deep pressure
effleurage
stroking (begin and end of every massage and stroke toward the heart- centripital force)
petrissage
deep kneading for muscle tissue
tapotment
perussion
- flat hand, slapping
- fist pounding
- finger tips tapping for young kids
- ulnar side, hacking
- cupping (cystic fibrosis)
friction
deep rubbing (powder)(Transverse Friction Massage)
vibration
shaking (extremities only)
henie rub
G5
thumper
deep pressure
nimmo acupressure
describe transverse friction massage (TFM)
breaks adhesions in muscles, ligaments and joint capsule
decreases chemical cross linking
indications for TFM
sprain
strain
tendonitis
bursitis
TFM is not recommended for?
calcific tendonitis
bursitis
it would inflamme the tissue more
types of traction
constant intermittent (pumping, gliding, disc problems)
physiologic efffects of traction
decrease intradiscal pressure
increase IVF space
gliding of facet joints
other physiologic effects of intermittent tration
break adhesions
breaks muscle spasms
other physiologicl effects of constant traction
straightens curves
indications for traction
disc syndromes foraminal encroachement hyperlordosis chronic muscle spasms fibrotic adhesions
contraindications for tractions
bone weakening conditions (osteoporosis, rickets, osteomalacia)
pregnancy
RA, Down’s (unless you have looked at their transverse ligament with flex/ext views)
acute muscle spasms
fractures
hypertensive disorders
describe how to do traction for the cervicals
begin at 5% body weight and increase 2lbs max each treatment
never exceed 50 lbs
never exceed patient tolerance
describe where to position patient for each vertebra in the cervicals
C2-7- 25-28 degrees
occ-C1- 0 degrees
what should you note of or traction of the cervicals?
it takes 10 lbs to overcome the weight of the skull
describe how to do traction for lumbars
begin at 25% of body weight and increase 5 lbs max with each treatment to max of 150 lbs
never exceed patient tolerance
describe where to position patient for each vertera in the lumbars
supine with legs flexed and knees flexed
90 90 traction
goucher’s position
what are the benefits of goucher’s position?
relaxes muscles
flattens lumbar curve
