Part 2 Flashcards
- special terminology and symbols is used to prevent misunderstanding
LANGUAGE OF ANATOMY
- Exact terms are used for: (P,D, R, S)
- Position
- Direction
- Regions
- Structures
Standard body position used to avoid confusion
- Terminology refers to this position regardless of actual body position
- Stand erect, feet parallel, arms hanging at the sides with palms facing forward and thumbs pointing away from the body
ANATOMICAL POSITION
ANATOMICAL POSITION: lying down with face UP
SUPINS
ANATOMICAL POSITION: lying down with face DOWN
PRONE
- Explain location of one body structure in relation to another
- Allows to describe the relationship between 2 structures
DIRECTIONAL TERMS
Give all the directional terms:
Hint: 11
- Superior
- Inferior
- Anterior
- Posterior
- Medial
- Lateral
- Intermediate
- Proximal
- Distal
- Superficial
- Deep
•farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
DISTAL
toward the head or upper part of a structure or the body; above
SUPERIOR (CRANIAL OR CEPHALIC)
toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of
MEDIAL
close to the origin of the body part or point of attachment to a limb to the body trunk
PROXIMAL
toward or at the front of the body; in front of
ANTERIOR (VENTRAL)
between a more medial and a more lateral structure
INTERMEDIATE
away from the head or toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below
INFERIOR (CAUDAL)
toward or at the backside of the body; behind
POSTERIOR (DORSAL)
away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of
LATERAL
toward or at the body surface
SUPERFICIAL (EXTERNAL)
away from the body surface; more internal
DEEP (INTERNAL)
are made to see the internal structure of body and organs
SECTIONS
Sections are cuts along imaginary lines
known as
PLANES
Four types of planes or sections exist as
right angles to one another. What are those four types?
- Sagittal
- Median or Midsagittal
- Frontal or Coronal
- Transverse or Cross
This section divides the body (or organ) into anterior and posterior part
FRONTAL OR CORONAL
divides the body (or organ) into left and right parts
SAGITTAL
This section divides the body (or organ) into equal left and right parts
MEDIAN OR MIDSAGITTAL
This section divides the body (or organ) into superior and inferior parts
TRANSVERSE or CROSS
This provide varying degrees of
protection to organs within them
BODY CAVITIES
Give the 2 internal body cavities
Dorsal
Ventral
Give the 2 subdivisions of the DORSAL body cavity
- Cranial Cavity
- Spinal Cavity
- Houses the brain
* Protected by the skull
Cranial cavity
- Houses the spinal cord
- Protected by the vertebrae
Spinal cavity
Give 2 subdivisions of the VENTRAL body cavity
- Thoracic Cavity
- Abdominopelvic Cavity
The subdivisions of the Ventral body cavity is separated by _____
Diaphragm
The ventral body cavity contains all the structures of the _______ and ______.
chest; abdomen
[True or False] Dorsal body cavity is larger than the Ventral body cavity.
FALSE. Ventral body cavity is much larger than the dorsal body cavity
- Cavity superior to the diaphragm
- Houses heart, lungs, and other organs
Thoracic Cavity
This central region, houses heart, trachea, and other organs
MEDIASTINUM
[True or False] Thoracic Cavity is protected by the rib cage.
TRUE
[True or False] Abdominal cavity is superior to the diaphragm.
FALSE. Abdominal cavity is INFERIOR to the diaphragm. Because the said cavity lies BELOW the diaphragm.
Superior abdominal cavity contains the ____, ______, and other _______.
Stomach; liver; organs
[TRUE OR FALSE] Pelvic Cavity is protected by the trunk muscles.
FALSE. Abdominal Cavity is protected by the trunk muscles.
[TRUE OR FALSE] In abdominopelvic cavity, no physical structure separates abdominal from pelvic cavities.
TRUE
Pelvic Cavity is protected by _______.
BONY PELVIS
Inferior pelvic cavity contains ______, _______, and ______.
Reproductive organs, bladder, rectum
What are the 2 types of abdominopelvic cavity subdivisions.
Hint: Quadrants; Regions
- Four Quadrant
- Nine Regions
This quadrant consists of - liver, right kidney, gallbladder, portion of the colon and pancreas
RIGHT UPPER QUADRANT (RUQ)
The LEFT LOWER QUADRANT OR LLQ consists of what organs? Give 4
- colon
- small intestine
- ureter
- major vein and artery to the left leg
This quadrant consists of Stomach, left kidney, spline, portion of the colon and pancreas
LEFT UPPER QUADRANT (LUQ)
The RIGHT LOWER QUADRANT (RLQ) consist of what organs? Give 4.
- appendix
- colon
- small intestine
- ureter, major vein and artery to the right leg
The MIDLINE quadrant consist of what organs? Give 4.
- aorta
- pancreas
- small intestine
- bladder in the spine
