Part 1b - Respiratory System Flashcards
Gaseous exchange
The swapping of gases between the alveoli air and blood
Where does gaseous exchange occur
Through a process called diffusion
Diffusion
Is going from a high concentration to a low concentration
Role of haemoglobin
Carries oxygen around the body
What is a spirometer
Capture inspired and expired air, measuring and recording volumes
Total lung capacity
The amount of air that can be inhaled at one given time after one long deep breath
Vital capacity
The largest volume of air that can be forcefully expired after the deepest possible concentration
Residual volume
The amount of air that is left in the lungs after maximal expiration
Expiratory reserve volume
The amount of air that can be forced out of the lungs after a normal breath
Inspiratory volume
The additional air that can be forcibly inhaled after the inspiration of a normal tidal volume
Tidal volume
The volume of air breathed in or out during a normal breath at rest
Lungs
2 bags in the chest, behind the ribcage
Rib cage and sturnum
A cage of bones surrounding the lungs and vital organs
Intercostal muscles
Muscles that lie in between the ribs and helps lift the rib cage during breathing
Inspiration
Breathing in
Expiration
Breathing out
3 types of blood vessels
Arteries veins and capillaries
Features of a vein
Low pressure
Thin walls
Valve to prevent back flow
Features of capillaries
Tiny Lumen
1 cell thick
Features of arteries
High pressure
Thick elastic walls
Small lumen
4 valves in the heart
Tricuspid valve
Bicuspid valve
Pulmonary valve
Aortic valve
The 4 chambers in the heart
Left ventricle
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Right atrium
Highest ideal blood pressure
120-90
Lowest ideal blood pressure
60-80
Arteries
Away from the heart
Veins
Carry blood to the heart
Vasoconstriction
Closing of the lumen restricting blood flow
Vasodilation
Opening of the line allowing increased blood flow
Role of the vena cava
Supplies deoxygenated from the body delivering into the heart
Superior vena cava is
Above the heart
Contraction of the heart is
Systole
Inferior vena cava is
Below the heart
Relaxation of the heart is
Diastole
Cardiac output
The amount of blood that the heart is able to pump out
Heart rate
The number of time your heart beats in a minute
Stroke volume
The amount of blood leaving the heart with each contraction
