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PHAR 262 > Part 1: Bkgd And RCP > Flashcards

Part 1: Bkgd And RCP Flashcards

1
Q

Mo-99 causes what?

A

Higher patient dose

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2
Q

Al3+ causes what?

A

Colloid formation and clumping of sulphur colloid and RBCs

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3
Q

What can wrong pH cause?

A

Colloid formation

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4
Q

What type of range would you expect for Tc-99m RPs?

A

pH on the more acidic side or more neutral

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5
Q

Why is the range of tc-99m RPs typically more acidic?

A

To eliminate the possible hydrolyzed reduce impurity

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6
Q

What is done if QC for the RP fails?

A
  • retest
  • if it fails twice, don’t use
  • if multiple kit vials of the same lot fails, contact manufacturer
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7
Q

What does radiochemical purity describe?

A

The ratio of radioactivity in the desired chemical form compared to the total radioactivity in the preparation

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8
Q

What are radiochemical impurities?

A

Free pert, hydrolyzed reduced tech, other kit dependent impurities

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9
Q

% labelling efficiency, % bound, %RCP, %tag means the same thing

A
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10
Q

Two methods to test rcp?

A
  1. Thin layer chromatography
  2. Solid phase extraction
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11
Q

Goal of TLC?

A

Separate different radiochemical species along length of paper

To analyze counts at different locations on the strip to determine % impurities and % bound rp

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12
Q

Stationary phase

A

Paper/thin layer strip

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13
Q

Mobile phase

A

Solvent

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14
Q

Origin

A

Bottom where the RP is placed

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15
Q

Solvent front

A

Line or distance the solvent travelled up the strip

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16
Q

Species are separated on TLC based on the _______ of the stationary phase and ______ of the mobile phase.

A

Electrostatic forces - Stationary
Polarity - mobile phase

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17
Q

the degree of ______ and _____ will determine how far the species will travel with the solvent.

A

degree of miscibility and attraction will determine

18
Q

hydrophilic = ?

A

polar, aqueous

19
Q

lipophilic = ?

A

non-polar, organic

20
Q

examples of hydrophilic solvents?

A

saline, water, HCl

21
Q

examples of lipophilic solvents?

A

chemicals ending in “one” or “ol”
acetone, ethanol
chloroform, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran

22
Q

relative front

A

distance that a radiochemical travels relative to the distance that the solvent travels

23
Q

formula for rf

A

rf = distance travelled by sample/distance travelled by the solvent

24
Q

rf = 0

A

radiochemical species remained at origin

25
Q

rf = 1

A

radiochemical species travelled to the top of the strip with the solvent front

26
Q

rf = 0.5

A

radiochemical species travelled halfway to top of the strip with the solvent front

27
Q

free pert (TcO4-) in chromatography

A

rf = 1 (travels up the solvent front)

28
Q

hydrolyzed reduced (TcO2) in chromatography

A

rf = 0 (stays at origin)

29
Q

“bound” tc-complex is (in/dependent) on solvent used and the characteristics of the rp

A

bound tc-complex is dependent on solvent

30
Q

in an organic solvent:
hydrophilic RP - bound Tc will _______
lipophilic RP - bound Tc will ________

A

organic - hydrophilic “opposite” therefore, stay at origin

organic - lipophilic “like” therefore, will travel to the solvent front

31
Q

in an aqueous solvent:
hydrophilic RP - bound Tc will _______
lipophilic RP - bound Tc will ________

A

aqueous - hydrophilic “like” therefore, will travel to the solvent front

aqueous - lipophilic “opposite” therefore, stay at origin

32
Q

how do we analyze RCP?

A

determination of counts at each location
1) cutting strip into pieces
2) using a radiochromatograph

33
Q

radiochromatograph

A

specialized piece of equipment that scans the length of the strip and forms a graph of the counts at each point

34
Q

formula to determine % bound by two strips in TLC

A

% bound = 100 - %TcO4- - %HR

35
Q

which RPs always stay at the origin?

A

particles - MAA and SC

36
Q

since particles (do/not) travel with any solvent. can we calculate % of HR?

A

particles don’t travel with any solvent
- can’t calculate % HR

37
Q

which RP uses only one strip for TLC? where do you find the bound? where do you find the impurities?

A

Mibi
- bound at solvent front
- impurities at origin

38
Q

which RP uses 3 strips for TLC?

A

HMPAO

39
Q

in solid phase extractions, if the species has an affinity for the solid it will (remain/exit) the cartridge

A

remain inside

40
Q

in solid phase extractions, if the species has an affinity for the solvent it will (remain/exit) the cartridge

A

exit the cartridge

PHAR 262 (12 decks)

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