Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Application of an agent to living
tissue for the purpose of preventing
infection

A

Antisepsis

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2
Q

Destruction or marked reduction in
the number or activity of
microorganisms

A

Decontamination

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3
Q

Chemical or physical treatment that
destroys most vegetative microbes
or viruses, but not spores, in or on
inanimate surfaces

A

Disinfection

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4
Q

Reduction of microbial load on an
inanimate surface to a level
considered acceptable for public
health purposes

A

Sanitization

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5
Q

A process intended to kill or remove
all types of microorganisms,
including spores, and usually
including viruses with an acceptably
low probability of survival

A

Sterilization

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6
Q

A process that kills nonsporulating
microorganisms by hot water or
steam at 65°C–100°C

A

Pasteurization

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7
Q

He used phenol (carbolic acid) as a
wash for the hands, as a spray on an incision site, and on
bandages applied to wounds.

A

Joseph Lister

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8
Q

His goal was to develop compounds that retained antimicro-
bial activity at the expense of toxicity to the human host; he
called the agents that he sought “magic bullets.”

A

Paul Ehrlich

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9
Q

the property of certain
chemicals to kill one type of organism while not harming
another.

A

Selective toxicity

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10
Q

He discovered compound 606

A

Paul Ehrlich

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11
Q

Until the 1920s, most successful anti-infective agents
were

A

group-IIB element mercury and the
group-VA elements arsenic and antimony

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12
Q

Examples of disinfectant resistant microorganisms

A

Spores, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or Serratia marcescens

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13
Q

Most topical antiseptics do not interfere with wound healing T/F

A

False (they interfere with wound healing)

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14
Q

Two most commonly used alcohols for antiseptics/disinfectant

A

Ethyl and isopropyl

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15
Q

As the primary alcohol chain length increases, van der Waals interactions increase, and the ability to penetrate microbial membranes increases. T/F

A

True

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16
Q

why is 2-propanol (isopropyl alcohol) is used commercially instead of n-propyl alcohol

A

It is cheaper, and is more active

17
Q
A