Parkinsons

Question 1

What is involved in PD

Answer 1

Basal ganglia

Question 2

What are the 3 cardinal symptoms

Answer 2

Tremors
bradykinesia
rigidity
(postural instability-4th)

Question 3

Env factors to PD

Answer 3

Well water
pesticides
rural living
manganese/heavy meals
agent orange

Question 4

What is usually the 1st sign of PD

Answer 4

Tremors

Question 5

What kind of tremor is usually present

Answer 5

resting tremor

Question 6

what is bradykinesia

Answer 6

slowness of movt

Question 7

Where do you see bradykinesia

Answer 7

handwriting (gets smaller)
facial expressions
eye blink

Question 8

What do you see w/ rigidity

Answer 8

cogwheel
lead pipe
dystonia

Question 9

What is cogwheel rigidity

Answer 9

jerky

stop/go movt

Question 10

What is lead pipe rigidity

Answer 10

stiffness thru motion

Question 11

What is dystonia

Answer 11

ab muscle movt that causes twisting/abnormal posture

Question 12

What do you see in postural instability

Answer 12

decreased arm swing
forward flexed posture (stooped)
festinating gait

Question 13

When do you typically see cog impairments

Answer 13

later stages

Question 14

Wha migth you see in cog impairments

Answer 14

psychosis (hallucinations)
dementia (common)
depression
anxiety 
sleep disturbances

Question 15

What autonomic defecits occur

Answer 15

GI problems (constipation) 
orthostatic hypotension 
Urinary urgency (bladder becomes spastic due to bradykinesia)
Sexual dysfunction

Question 16

Characteristics of early stage PD

Answer 16

Mild symptoms
Asymmetrical or unilaeral presentation
responds well to meds

Question 17

MOderate stage characteristics

Answer 17

good response to meds but may need more (tolerance)
increased trouble w/ coordination
slower movt
bilateral movt

Question 18

advanced stage characteristics

Answer 18

great difficulty walking or non ambulatory
lack of independence
cog problems more challenging
balance benefits of med w/ side effects becomes difficult

Question 19

Meds for PD

Answer 19

Levadopa 
Dopamine agonist 
COMT drugs 
MAO inhibitors 
anticholonergic//amantadine

Question 20

What is levadopa

Answer 20

precursor to dopamine c

crosses blood brain barrier and converted into dopamine

Question 21

Side effect of levadopa

Answer 21

compulsive behavior

Question 22

What is a dopamine agonist

Answer 22

acts like dopamine

Question 23

What are COMT drugs

Answer 23

Last effort

rescue drug

Question 24

What are anticholonergic drugs used for

Answer 24

tremors in early stages

Question 25

Med TX

Answer 25

Deep brain stimulaion
Gene therapy
stem cell therapy

Question 26

Areas Ot address

Answer 26

ADLs IADLs
Cog
Visual perceptual
Social

Question 27

Tools for PD

Answer 27

Unified PD rating scale 
Modified Hoehn and Yahr staging 
Parkinsons disease questionnaire 
COPM
AMPS

Question 28

Ot role

Answer 28

Edu (very important)
Tremor stabilization (hand weights aren't always best for this)
Hand/FM skills
Musculoskeletal (stretching to increase mobility/maintain posture)
Adaptive strategies 
Home Mod
Social
EC/WS

Question 29

Interventions

Answer 29

Mental imagery (visualize steps of activity first b/f you do it)
Meaningful occu
Big and loud 
Tai Chi
Yoga
Dane

Question 30

What is PD

Answer 30

progressive, degenerative, variable disorder