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542 > Dementia > Flashcards

Dementia Flashcards

1
Q

What is a vascular dementia a result of

A

Cerebrovascular damage to the cortex

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2
Q

What is mixed dementia

A

Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia

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3
Q

Hallmark signs of vascular dementia

A

Difficulty with verbal fluency

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4
Q

What are Lewy bodies

A

Abnormal protein deposits that disrupt the brains normal functioning

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5
Q

How is the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies strengthened

A

If there hallucinations and delusions

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6
Q

Hallmark signs of dementia with Louis bodies

A

Detailed visual hallucinations

Parkinsonism

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7
Q

What is frontotemporal dementia

A

One of the most common presenile dementias

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8
Q

Hallmark signs of frontotemporal dementia

A

Inappropriate behavior in social or work settings
declining ability to care for oneself
lack of social Tact
unrestrained expression of sexual feelings

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9
Q

Hallmark signs of Parkinson’s disease with dementia

A

Characteristics of Parkinson’s
hallucinations
sleep disturbances

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10
Q

What is the first step in diagnosing dementia

A

Determine if there are actual memory deficits and that the reports are not related to anxiety or depression or medication induced problems

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11
Q

When is diagnosis of which type of dementia is president confirmed upon

A

Autopsy

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12
Q

What are stages one through three in the global deterioration scale

A

Pre-dementia stages

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13
Q

What are stages four through seven on a global deterioration scale

A

Dementia stages

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14
Q

What is starting a stage five in the global deterioration scale

A

Unable to survive without assistance

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15
Q

Characteristics of stage one presenile

A

No cognitive decline

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16
Q

Characteristics of stage two presenile

A

Subjective complaints of memory deficits
forgetting where they placed common items
forgetting names one new well

17
Q

Stage III presenile

A

Getting lost while traveling to an unfamiliar location

word and name finding deficit

18
Q

Stage four dementia

A

Some deficit or loss of one’s personal history

decreased ability to travel and handle finances

19
Q

Early-stage dementia characteristics

A 
Memory lapses 
forgetting familiar words 
friends and family start to notice 
trouble remembering names
 forgetting things that were just read 
losing or Misplacing items 
trouble of planning and organizing
20
Q

Characteristics of middle stage dementia

A 
Forgetting personal history 
emotional changes 
can't recall meaningful information 
difficulty with orientation and bowel and bladder 
changes in sleep 
wandering
21
Q

Characteristics of late stage dementia

A 
Full time assistance 
Lose awareness of experiences and surroundings 
changes in physical abilities 
difficulty communicating 
Vulnerable to infections
22
Q

Stage five dementia

A

Frequently some disorientation to time and place

23
Q

Stage six dementia

A

May occasionally forget the name of spouse
unaware of recent events and experiences in their lives
some assistance with ADLs
personality and emotional changes

24
Q

Stage 7 dementia

A

All verbal abilities are lost

incontinent of urine and bowel

25
Q

Common problems to look for in evaluation in early stages

A

Difficulties mainly with IADLs (driving med management)

26
Q

Common problems to look for in evaluation in middle stages

A

Difficulty with ADLs (wearing clothes inappropriately not wanting to bathe)

27
Q

What five main areas do you want to focus on in dementia

A 
Create promote 
establish restore 
maintain 
modify
 prevent
28
Q

Important considerations in interventions

A

Safety environment caregiver cultural sensitivity managing problem behaviors

29
Q

What is primary dementia most prevelant

A

Alzheimers

30
Q

Hallmark features of Alzheimer’s

A

Gradual onset of impaired memory

at least one other cognitive domain (aphasia agnosia apraxia or executive dysfunction)

31
Q

Risk factors for Alzheimer’s

A

Age
Family history
genetics
previous head trauma

32
Q

What three noticeable pathologic changes occur in Alzheimer’s

A

Accumulation of amyloid in the spaces between neurons
increased neurotic plaques and neurofibrilly tangles
Loss of neurons and synapses

33
Q

What does Alzheimer’s result from

A

Degenerative changes in the CNS

Neurons die or stop functioning or lose connections with other neurons

34
Q

What is dementia

A

Deterioration in cognitive functioning
acquired persistent impairment in multiple areas of intellectual functioning
not the Senility or part of the normal aging process

542 (12 decks)

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