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Anatomy Week 13 BT > Parker SG (Craninal Cavity) > Flashcards

Parker SG (Craninal Cavity) Flashcards

1
Q

What muscle can be found in the Superficial Cervical Fascia?

A

Platysma Muscle

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2
Q

What are the 4 specializations of Deep Cervical Fascia?

A
  1. Investing Fascia
  2. Pre-vertebral fascia
  3. Pre-tracheal fascia
  4. Carotid Sheath
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3
Q

What is envoloped in the pre-vertebral fascia?

A

vertebral mm.

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4
Q

What is enveloped int eh pre-tracheal fascia?

A

Trachea, Esophagus, and Thyroid

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5
Q

What is the posterior part of the pre-tracheal fascia called?

A

Buccopharyngeal Fascia

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6
Q

Which layer of Deep cervical fascia contains contributions from the other 3 layers?

A

Carotid Sheath

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7
Q

What two fascial layers surround the retropharyngeal space?

A 
Buccopharyngeal fascia (anterior)
Pre-Vertebral Fascia (posterior)
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8
Q

What is is the superior and inferior extent of the retropharyngeal space?

A

Base of the skull to the posterior mediastinum

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9
Q

Why is the Retroypharyngeal space dangerous?

A

Its important in the spread of cancer and infections

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10
Q

What happens when you flex your right sternocleidomastoid muscle by itself?

A
  • Neck Flexes to the Right

- Head rotates up and to the Left

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11
Q

What happens when you flex your left sternocleidomastoid muscle by itself?

A
  • Neck Flexes to the Left

- Head rotates up and to the Right

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12
Q

What boundary separates the anterior and posterior ∆’s?

A

Sternocleidomastoid

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13
Q

What are the 4 divisions of the anterior ∆?

A
  • Submental ∆
  • Submandibular ∆
  • Muscular ∆
  • Carotid ∆
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14
Q

What are the strap muscles and their innervation?

A

aka Infrahyoid muscles

  1. Omohyoid (ansa cervicalis C1-C3)
  2. Sternohyoid (ansa cervicalis C1-C3)
  3. Sternothyroid (ansa cervicalis C1-C3)
  4. Thyrohyoid (C1 branch TRAVELING WITH CN XII)
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15
Q

What are the two divisions of the ansa cervicalis?

- What nerve roots contribute to these

A

Superior Root - contributions from C1

Inferior Root - contributions form C2 and C3

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16
Q

What is the Arterial supply to the thyroid gland?

A
  • Superior Thyroid a. (=> External Carotid)

- Inferior Thyroid a. (=> Thyrocervical trunk of subclavian a.)

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17
Q

What does the venous drainage of the thyroid gland?

A
  • Superior and middle thyroid veins drain to internal Jugular
  • Inferior thyroid vein is the ONLY tributary of the brachiocephalic vein
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18
Q

What contributions make up the RETROMANDIBULAR Vein?

A

Superficial Temporal V. + Maxillary Vein

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19
Q

What contributions make up the EXTERNAL JUGULAR Vein?

A

Retromandibular v. + Posterior Auricular v.

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20
Q

What vertebral level is the hyoid bone found at?

A

C3

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21
Q

What vertebral level is the thyroid cartilage located at?

A

C4/C5

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22
Q

What vertebral level is the cricoid cartilage located at?

A

C6

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23
Q

What is anterior to the SECOND, THIRD, and FOURTH tracheal rings?

A

Isthmus of the Thyroid Gland

24
Q

Where does the common carotid bifurcate?

A

At the superior border of the thyroid cartilage

25
Q

What are the layers of the SCALP from superficial to deep?

A
  1. Skin
  2. CT (dense)
  3. Aponeurosis
  4. Loose CT
  5. Periosteum
26
Q

T or F: Sinuses in the cranial cavity are formed by 2 layers of Dura Mater?

A

True

27
Q

Where do all sinuses in the cranium terminate?

A

Jugular Bulb (the beginning of the internal jugular vein)

28
Q

What kind of injury usually results in an epidural hemotoma?
- vasculature involved

A
  • Localized Blunt Trauma to the Skull
  • Between SKULL and periosteal layer of the dura
  • Ruptured Meningeal A.
29
Q

What kind of injury usually results in a subdural hemotoma?

- Vasculature involved

A
  • Whip Lash, Shaken Baby Syndrome
  • Between the meningeal dura and arachnoid
  • Ruptured Cerebral V.
30
Q

Where does blood accumulate in a subarachnoid hemotoma?

- Vasculature involved

A
  • CSF - can do a spinal tap to check since its in the subarachnoid space (between pia and arachnoid)
  • Cerebral A.
31
Q

What sinus do the superior and inferior opthalmic veins drain to?

A

Cavernous sinus

Possible Spread of Infection

32
Q

What is the weakest point of the skull?

- bones found here

A
  • Pterion

Bones:

  • Frontal
  • Parietal
  • Squamous Park of Temporal Bone
  • Greater Wing of Sphenoid
33
Q

What artery is likely to rupture if you get hit hard in the Pterion?
- What type of hemotoma would result?

A
  • Middle Meningeal A.

- Epidural Hemotoma

34
Q

What two sutures make up the bregma?

A

Coronal and Sagittal

35
Q

What two sutures make up the lambda?

A

Sagittal and Lambdoid

36
Q

What structures are found in the carotid sheath?

A
  • Internal Jugular Vein
  • Common Carotid A.
  • Internal Carotid A.
  • Vagus N.
37
Q

T or F: the External Carotid A. is inside the carotid sheath.

A

FALSE

38
Q

What are the branches of the external Carotid a.?

A
  • Superior Thyroid a.
  • Ascending Pharyngeal a.
  • Lingual a.
  • Facial a.
  • Occipital a.
  • Posterior auricular a.
  • Maxillary a.
  • Superficial Temporal a.
39
Q

What two terminal branches are direct branches off of the external carotid?

A
  • Maxillary a.

- Superficial temporal a.

40
Q

What Sensory information is obtained from the carotid sinus?

- Nerves

A
  • Baroceptor: senses changes in blood preSSure

- Glossopharyngeal N. (IX)

41
Q

What sensory information is obtained from the carotid body?

A
  • Chemoreceptor: senses change in OXYGEN contend

- Vagus n. (X) AND Glossopharyngeal N (IX)

42
Q

T or F: if blood is flowing from the cavernous sinus to the internal jugular, it will first have to pass through the sigmoid sinus.

A

False

43
Q

How will an epidural hematoma present on a non-contrast CT?

A
  • Convex and Lens Shaped
44
Q

How will a subdural hematoma present on a non-contrast CT?

A
  • Thin and cresent shaped
45
Q

How will a subarachnoid hemorrhage present on CT?

A
  • Blood Filling the Sulci

- Blood Filliing Cistern (star shape at base of skull)

46
Q

What type of hematoma often presents with an excruciating headache?

A

Subarachnoid Hematoma

47
Q

What type of hematoma often presents with unconciousness –> Lucid phase —> Rapid deterioration?

A

Epidural Hematoma

48
Q

What type of hematoma may take days or weeks to become symptomatic?

A

Subdural Hematoma

49
Q

What are the contents of the cavernous sinus?

A

CNs (III, IV, VI, V1, V2)

Internal Carotid

50
Q

What are the contents of the carotid ∆?

A
  • Carotid Sheath with Carotid a.
  • Internal Jugular v.
  • Vagus n.
  • Ansa Cervicalis
51
Q

What are the contents of the Submandibular ∆?

A
  • Submanidibular Gland
  • Hypoglossal n. (CN XII)
  • Nerve to Mylohyoid
  • Fascial a. and v.
52
Q

What are the contents of the muscular ∆?

A
  • Thyroid and parathyroid
  • infrahyoid mm.
  • Ansa Cervicalis Terminations
  • Superior thyroid a.
  • Sup. Layngeal a.
  • Int. and ext. Laryngeal nn.
  • Recurrent laryngeal n.
53
Q

KNOW THE BOUNDARIES OF THE ∆’s

A

KNOW THE BOUNDARIES OF THE ∆’s

54
Q

KNOW THE DRAINAGE OF THE SINUSES

A

KNOW THE DRAINAGE OF THE SINUSES

55
Q

What is the only upaired traingle of the anterior ∆s?

A

Submental ∆

Anatomy Week 13 BT (15 decks)

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