Parenting Flashcards
What approach did Baumrind take and what are the 3 parenting styles?
a categorical approach
authoritarian
authoritative
permissive
What is authoritarian parenting?
parents who have strict ideas about discipline
not open to discussion
What is authoritative parenting?
parents who have ideas about behaviours that they are willing to discuss with children and adapt
What is permissive parenting?
parents who have relaxed ideas about behaviour
What approach did Maccoby and Martin take in their revised version?
a dimensional approach
What are Maccoby and Martins 4 parenting styles and what did they aim to show?
aim to show variability in parenting
authoritarian - demanding, unresponsive
authoritative - demanding, responsive
permissive - undemanding, responsive
uninvolved - undemanding, unresponsive
What does authoritative parenting and high parental involvement lead to?
high academic achievement
What parenting style is most common in western countries?
Authoritative
What parenting style is most common in non-western countries?
authoritarian
Rudy and Grusec
In individualistic cultures, authoritarianism was associated with mothers negative feelings about child
did not find the same in non-western
How does parenting impact on child?
parenting as socialisation where children learn societal norms
hostile parenting undermines emotion regulation development
Belsky’s process model of influences on parental functioning (1984)
personal psychological resources of parent (their mental health)
contextual sources of support (social network)
characteristics of children (easy or difficult temperament)
Belksy’s differential susceptibility theory (1997)
some individuals are more affected by their environmental exposures and developmental experiences
WHO (world health organisation) 4 types of abuse?
neglect
physical
emotional
sexual
What are the adverse effects of divorce?
conflict between spouses
secure base of family broken
uncertainty of future
effects on income
relocation
loss of contact
Flouri: what did father involvement have a positive effect on?
child’s academic development
What are 3 parenting interventions?
sensitive (slowing pace when child appears over stimulated)
intrusiveness (physically impairing child’s movement)
detachment (child faces away from parent, ignore child’s interest)
What are ultra processed foods? (UPF)
processed culinary ingredients mixed with processed foods
How do UPF’s affect our eating behaviours?
energy dense so receive less nutrients and protein
later gut microbiome
findings on child emotional overeating
parents who gave solid foods at an older age had children who were more likely to overeat
What parenting style is most beneficial for food responsiveness?
permissive (also referred to as indulgent)
What does food related emotional expectancies mean?
the emotions we expect to feel whilst eating different foods
How do you measure food-related emotional expectancies?
questionnaires
free word association
for children, ask them first word that comes to mind or ask them to point to a face that reflects how they feel when see image of food
